PSY 252 MBB (Sensation and Perception)
Exam Questions With Correct And Revised
Answers.
What are the 3 approaches to studying a problem? - answer✔✔-Functional Approach
- Structural Approach
- Error-based Approach
Functional Approach - answer✔✔What if the purpose of ______? (ex: vision) What did it evolve
to do?
Structural Approach - answer✔✔looking at body parts (eyeball, ear, brain)
Error-based Approach - answer✔✔When does it make mistakes? What does this tell us about
how it works? (Ex: vision)
Why is perception important? - answer✔✔- need senses to interact with environment; to know
what's there and what to do with it
- sense things happening to you (esp if painful)
-* to find and avoid predators
-* find a mate
KEY TO SURVIVAL
-* only link to outside world
Myth 1: - answer✔✔Perception is Easy
- feels easy, automatic, and fast
Truth 1: - answer✔✔Perception is hard
What makes perception hard? - answer✔✔1) Retina Image is upside down
2) lose all info every time we blink and move our eyes
3)lose info going from 3D world to 2D image
4) holes in our vision- blindspot
5) based on a (incomplete) matrix of intensities
Perception uses cues to decode the image and ________ 3D world - answer✔✔reconstruct
Gestalt Principles (cues) of Organization - answer✔✔-similarity
- connectedness
- proximity
- good continuation
- figure-ground
whats the difference between connectedness and good continuation?????
Kanisza Triangle Illusion - answer✔✔- use Gestalt cues to trick vision into seeing a triangle that
isn't there
- Figure-Ground
-triangle=figure, circles= ground
- all of Gestalt principles seen (good continuation, similarity, proximity)
Depth Cues: Pictorial - answer✔✔-Linear Convergence (look at line drawings in notebook)
- reality is two straight lines but retina image is 2 diagonal lines
-relative size; get farther=smaller image
-texture gradient; field of flowers and how the gradient actually looks
- Differences in retina images between Left and Right eyes ; binocular disparities
- don't see as much differences when things are farther (think of holding finger to face and
closing one eye at a time and then looking at professor)
Myth 2: - answer✔✔See everything
Truth 2: - answer✔✔don't see everything
- ex: gorilla video and keys on a counter
3 Physical Constraints of Visual System:
(reason one why we can't see everything) - answer✔✔(need physical structures to see)
1) Focus Light
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