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NUR 257 (NUR257) Exam 4 | Aging and Chronic Illness in Nursing Exam Review| Latest 2024/2025 Galen $10.49
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NUR 257 (NUR257) Exam 4 | Aging and Chronic Illness in Nursing Exam Review| Latest 2024/2025 Galen
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NUR 257 (NUR257) Exam 4 | Aging and Chronic Illness in Nursing Exam Review| Latest 2024/2025 Galen NUR 257 (NUR257) Exam 4 | Aging and Chronic Illness in Nursing Exam Review| Latest 2024/2025 Galen NUR 257 (NUR257) Exam 4 | Aging and Chronic Illness in Nursing Exam Review| Latest 2024/2025 Ga...

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  • September 8, 2024
  • 35
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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NUR 257 (NUR257) Exam 4 | Aging and
Chronic Illness in Nursing Exam Review|
Latest 2024/2025 Galen


age related macular degeneration - Correct Answer - degenerative eye
disease that affects the central part of the eye responsible for clear vision;
causes progressive loss of central vision, leaving only peripheral vision
intact



risk factors of age related macular degeneration

- Correct Answer -

age

genetic predisposition

smoking

HTN

HLD

obesity

family hx

Caucasian women

diet poor in vitamin E and carotenoids (lutein)

,detached retina - Correct Answer - group of diseases that can damage the
optic nerve; second leading cause of blindness in the US



symptoms of detached retina

- Correct Answer -

"curtain coming down" over the light of vision

gradual increase in floaters

light flashes



risk factors of detached retina

- Correct Answer -

age >40, myopia, previous cataract surgery, ocular trauma, smoking,
diabetic retinopathy, HIV retinopathy



chronic illnesses that can cause retinopathy

- Correct Answer -

diabetes

HTN

carotid atherosclerosis

sickle cell

,lupus



tinnitus - Correct Answer - the perception of sound in one or both ears or
in the head when non external sound is present; "ringing in ears", buzzing,
hissing, whistling, chirping, humming



interventions of tinnitus

- Correct Answer -

maintain a diary for times of noise heard

assess medication hx

lifestyle modifications

hearing aids

cochlear implants: bypass damaged portions of the ear and stimulate the
auditory nerve in those with sensorineural hearing loss



osteoporosis - Correct Answer - loss of bone mineral density



how to diagnose osteoporosis

- Correct Answer - DEXA scan: noninvasive test that measures bone
density

loss 3+ inches of height

, nontraumatic fractures

kyphosis

recommended that all women 65+ years and younger women with
significant risk factors be screened; medicare will pay for DEXA scan Q2
years



risk factors for osteoporosis

- Correct Answer - nonmodifiable: gender (female), race, age, family hx

modifiable: weight (underweight), diet (low calcium, excessive caffeine,
ethyl alcohol), hormonal deficiencies, low activity level, medications
(steroids, anticonvulsants, thyroid preparations), cigarette smoking,
phenytoin and corticosteroids (interfere with vitamin D metabolism)



increase weight bearing and muscle building exercises, improve nutrition in
diet, smoking cessation, fall precautions, home safety, appropriate way to
take meds and manage their effects - Correct Answer - patient teaching
for osteoporosis-related risk and injury



treatment of osteoporosis

- Correct Answer - bisphosphonates: inhibit bone resorption (alendronate)

PT, OT, weight bearing exercise, exposure to sunlight, diet rich in calcium
and vitamin D

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