NURS 141 Exam 2 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 141
Institution
NUR 141
Respiration the mechanism the body uses to exchange gases between the atmosphere and the blood and the blood and the cells. It involves the movement of gases in and out of the lungs and the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the red blood cells.
Ventilation movement of a...
NURS 141 Exam 2 Practice Questions
and Correct Answers
Respiration ✅the mechanism the body uses to exchange gases between the
atmosphere and the blood and the blood and the cells. It involves the movement of
gases in and out of the lungs and the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between
the alveoli and the red blood cells.
Ventilation ✅movement of air in and out of the lungs
Diffusion ✅Exchange of respiratory gases in the alveoli and capillaries; moves the
respiratory gases from one area to another by concentration gradients
Perfusion ✅the ability of the cardiovascular system to pump oxygenated blood to the
tissues and return deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
12-20 ✅The normal adult respiration rate is _____ breaths per minute.
CO2 ✅The most important factor in the control of ventilation is the level of __________
in the arterial blood.
Hypercarbia ✅excessive carbon dioxide in the blood
Hypoxia ✅inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level. Decreased hemoglobin,
high altitudes, cyanide poisoning, pneumonia, shock, and rib fractures or chest trauma
are potential causes.
Dyspnea ✅_______, another word for having difficulty breathing, is associated with
hypoxia.
Hypoventilation ✅when alveolar ventilation is inadequate to meet the oxygen demand
of the body or eliminate sufficient carbon dioxide.
Negative ✅The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract to create a
______ pleural pressure and to increase the size of the thorax for inspiration.
Work of Breathing (WOB) ✅The effort required to expand and contract the lungs (3
words); inspiration and expiration
Surfactant ✅chemical produced in the lungs to maintain the surface tension of the
alveoli and keep them from collapsing
, Atelectasis ✅the collapse of alveoli in the lungs which prevents normal exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide
Compliance ✅the ability of the lungs to distend or expand in response to increased
intraalveolar pressure
Airway resistance ✅Decreased lung compliance, increased ______, and the increased
use of accessory muscles increase the Work of Breathing (WOB).
Tidal Volume (TV) ✅amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting
conditions
Residual volume ✅The volume of air remaining in lungs after maximum exhalation.
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) ✅The volume of air expired during a forced maximal
expiration after a forced maximal inspiration.
Pulmonary circulation ✅flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart;
moves blood to and from the alveolar capillary membrane for gas exchange
Oxygen ✅The lungs and the cardiovascular system are part of the _______ transport
system.
Neural ✅The CNS controls the rate, depth and rhythm. The cerebral cortex regulates
the voluntary control of respiration. These are examples of _____ regulation.
Chemical ✅____ regulation maintains the rate and depth of respirations based on
changes in the blood concentration of CO2 and O2, and in Hydrogen ion concentration
(ph).
Hypoxemia ✅deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
Pack years ✅the number of packs per day multiplied by the number of years the
patient has smoked
Barrel chest ✅Emphysema and COPD can lead to an increase in the size of the thorax
called a _________. (2 words)
Bradypnea ✅slow breathing
Orthopnea ✅ability to breathe only in an upright position
Tachypnea ✅rapid breathing
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