Nur 141 D Module Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 141
Institution
NUR 141
Antibiotic Having the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of a living organism. The term is used most commonly to refer to antibacterial drugs.
Antimicrobial stewardship A coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antibiotics, which improves patient outcomes and red...
Nur 141 D Module Review Questions and
Correct Answers
Antibiotic ✅Having the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of a living
organism. The term is used most commonly to refer to antibacterial drugs.
Antimicrobial stewardship ✅A coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use
of antibiotics, which improves patient outcomes and reduces microbial resistance.
Antiseptic ✅One of two types of topical antimicrobial agents; a chemical that inhibits
the growth and reproduction of microorganisms without necessarily killing them.
Antiseptics are also called static agents.
Bactericidal antibiotics ✅Antibiotics that kill bacteria
Bacteriostatic antibiotics ✅Antibiotics that do not actually kill bacteria but rather inhibit
their growth.
Beta-lactam ✅The designation for a broad class of antibiotics that includes four
subclasses: penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams; so named
because of the beta-lactam ring that is part of the chemical structure of all drugs in this
class
Beta-lactamase ✅Any of a group of enzymes produced by bacteria that catalyze the
chemical opening of the crucial beta-lactam ring structures in beta-lactam antibiotics
Beta-lactamase inhibitors ✅Medications combined with certain penicillin drugs to block
the effect of beta-lactamase enzymes.
C. difficile infection ✅A potentially necrotizing inflammatory bowel condition that is
often associated with antibiotic therapy; often caused by the bacteria Clostridium
difficile. A more general term that is also used is antibioticassociated colitis, historically
known as pseudomembranous colitis
Colonization ✅The establishment and growth of microorganisms on the skin, open
wounds, or mucous membranes, or in secretions without causing an infection.
Community-associated infection ✅An infection that is acquired by persons who have
not been hospitalized or had a medical procedure recently.
Definitive therapy ✅The administration of antibiotics based on known results of culture
and sensitivity testing identifying the pathogen causing infection.
, Disinfectant ✅One of two types of topical antimicrobial agents; a chemical applied to
nonliving objects to kill microorganisms. Also called cidal agents.
Empiric therapy ✅The administration of antibiotics based on the practitioner's
judgment of the pathogens most likely to be causing an apparent infection; it involves
the presumptive treatment of an infection to avoid treatment delay before specific
culture information has been obtained
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency ✅An inherited disorder in
which the red blood cells are partially or completely deficient in glucose6-phosphate
dehydrogenase, a critical enzyme in the metabolism of glucose. Certain medications
can cause hemolytic anemia in patients with this disorder. This is an example of a host
factor related to drug therapy.
Health care-associated infection ✅An infection that is acquired during the course of
receiving treatment for another condition in a health care institution. The infection is not
present or incubating at the time of admission; also known as a nosocomial infection.
Host factors ✅Factors that are unique to a particular patient that affect the patient's
susceptibility to infection and response to various antibiotic drugs. Examples include a
low neutrophil count or a lack of immunoglobulins in the blood that carry antibodies.
Infections ✅Invasions and multiplications of microorganisms in body tissues.
Microorganisms ✅Microscopic living organisms (also called microbes).
Prophylactic antibiotic therapy ✅Antibiotics taken before anticipated exposure to an
infectious organism in an effort to prevent the development of infection.
Slow acetylation ✅A common genetic host factor in which the rate of metabolism of
certain drugs is reduced.
Subtherapeutic ✅Generally refers to blood levels below therapeutic levels due to
insufficient dosing. Also refers to antibiotic treatment that is ineffective in treating a
given infection. Possible causes include inappropriate drug therapy, insufficient drug
dosing, and bacterial drug resistance.
Superinfection ✅(1) An infection occurring during antimicrobial treatment for another
infection, resulting from overgrowth of an organism not susceptible to the antibiotic
used. (2) A secondary microbial infection that occurs in addition to an earlier primary
infection, often due to weakening of the patient's immune system function by the first
infection.
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