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STUDY FACTS AVCA EXAM LATEST UPDATED
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STUDY FACTS AVCA EXAM LATESTUPDATED
Equine Spinal Cord Length - Answer: Foramen magnum to L3.
Canine spinal cord length: Foramen magnum to L5/L6.
Feline spinal cord length: Foramen magnum to sacrum.
Equine Spinal Nerve Formula - Answer: 8 cervical, 18 thoracic, 6 lumbar, 5 sacral,
and 5 coccygeal (42 pairs total).
ANSWER: 8 cervical, 13 thoracic, 7 lumbar, 3 sacral, and 5 coccygeal (36
pairings).
Motor fibers work by regulating muscular contractions for movement.
Sensory fibers function: vibration, pain, temperature, proprioception.
ANSWER: Fibers from the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system.
Spinal nerve travels through IVF and separates into how many branches? Answer:
3 main.
Dorsal Branch Function: ANSWER Motor fibers to dorsal muscle, maintains rigid
horizontal support, and cutaneous fibers to dermatomes.
,Ventral Branch Function - ANSWER Motor fibers to ventral and lateral muscles of
the trunk and muscles of the extremities.
ANSWER: The autonomic nervous system supplies thoracic and abdominal organs,
as well as motor and sensory fibers.
ANSWER: Ventral root joins the lumbosacral plexus and connects with
sympathetic rami from the lumbar area.
What type of nerve fibers are pelvic or splanchnic nerves? ANSWER:
Parasympathetic
Where do the pelvic splanchnic nerves exit in the canine? - ANSWER S1 AND S2.
Where do the pelvic splanchnic nerves exit the equine? - ANSWER S3, S4, S5.
The pelvic splanchnic nerves comprise the pelvic plexus, which controls? -
ANSWER Peristalsis and tone in the large intestine, contraction of depressor
muscle and relaxation of trigone of the bladder, erection of the penis, and relaxation
of the anal sphincter.
What does the medial branch of the dorsal root control? - Answer: Sacral and
coccygeal muscles.
What is the lateral branch of the dorsal root responsible for? - Answer: Cutaneous
nerves.
Where is the lumbosacral plexus in canine spinal roots? - ANSWER L6 S3
Where is the lumbosacral plexus in equine spinal roots? - Answer: L5-S2.
,What are the branches of the Lumbosacral Plexus? - ANSWER: Sciatic, Cranial
Gluteal, Caudal Gluteal nerves, caudal cutaneous femoral nerve, and pudendal
nerve
What are the branches of the sciatic nerve? - Answer: Fibular and tibial nerve
Which muscles does the sciatic nerve innervate from the lumbosacral plexus? -
Answer: Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris.
On which side of the leg does the sciatic nerve supply the skin? - ANSWER Lateral
In horses, where does the sciatic nerve exit? - Answer: l5, l6, S1, S2.
What origins do the sciatic nerve exit in the canine? - ANSWER: L6, L7, S1, S2.
What muscles does the Cranial Gluteal Nerve supply? - Answer: Gluteus
profundus, gluteus medius, tensor fascia lata, and piriformis.
In the horse, where does the Cranial Gluteal nerve originate? - ANSWER L6, S1
What roots does the Cranial Gluteal nerve come from in the canine? ANSWER L6,
L7.
The Caudal Gluteal Nerve supplies the following muscles: gluteus superficially,
gluteus medius, and piriformis.
What roots does the caudal gluteal nerve come from in the equine? ANSWER S1,
S2.
, What roots does the caudal gluteal nerve come from in the canine? ANSWER L7,
S1.
Caudal Cutaneous Femoral Nerve Supplies? - ANSWER Skin surrounding the
anus, caudal, and lateral thighs
What portions does the Caudal Cutaneous Femoral Nerve exit? - Answer: S1-S3
Equine, S1-S2 Canine.
What do the pudendal nerves supply? - ANSWER External genitalia, urethra,
bladder, and perianal muscles
What nerve roots does the pudendal nerve originate from? ANSWER: S4 and S5
equine, S1-S3 canine.
The? transmits sensory information from the environment to the cord. - Answer:
dorsal root.
Information is transferred to end organs via the ANSWER Ventral root.
T or F: are there connections in the dorsal root ganglion? - Answer: False
T or F Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in the dorsal root ganglia -
ANSWER True
Where are the cell bodies of motor neurons located? - Answer: Ventral horn of the
gray matter.
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