CFRE EXAM WITH ALL QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024-2025
Explain the expansion of the nonprofit sector. 1) Philanthropy and nonprofit
organizations have long played a key role in US society. 2) Today, they play an
even greater role. 3) The nonprofit sector is now a larger portion of the US
economy.
Explain how charity in the United States differs from other countries. - ANSWER
In the United States, philanthropy is more important than business, and the
government plays a larger role in the economy than in other countries.
What are some challenges in philanthropy? - ANSWER 1) increasing growth of
organizations and philanthropic giving.
2) Accountability - narrow or broad.
3) Blurring the borders (for-profit and nonprofit arms)
4) Entrepreneurial models (family nonprofits).
Accountability: Three General Trends - ANSWER 1) Funders and contributors
have strengthened their gift restrictions and continue to ask for accountability.
2) Program evaluation, focus on results, and impact studies to measure return on
gifts are now frequent.
3) Fundraisers should guarantee that their organizations are prepared to respond.
The Independent Sector defines limited accountability as: 1) the formal
responsibility of individuals and organizations to disclose their conduct to higher
authorities (IRS).
,2) the specific reporting systems they are asked to employ (990)
3) The formal standard by which they are held
To maintain restricted accountability: - ANSWER To comply with applicable rules
and regulations, non-profit organizations must develop formal reporting structures.
Broad responsibility includes narrow accountability and expands it in two
significant ways: - ANSWER 1) Increases the number of higher authorities to
whom individuals and organizations may be held accountable (donors and
beneficiaries).
2) Expands the criteria expectations and standards to which individuals and
organizations may potentially be held (it is not ethical to visit donors in a hospital).
Broad accountability means serving the public benefit.
2) Maintaining the public trust.
3) Often implied and subjective.
Broad Accountability and Public Trust - ANSWER is able to account for the
organization's implied promises to its constituents by following its declared
objective in good faith and using defensible and transparent management and
governance methods.
NPOs expanded both fee income and government support at a faster rate than
philanthropy (donations).
2) Non-profit organizations have become more interdependent rather than
dependent.
3) Proftis have infiltrated industries including health care, education, and social
service, which were formerly reserved to the NP sector.
,Entrepreneurial Models - ANSWER 1) NPOs have adopted entrepreneurial models,
sometimes incorporating for-profit subsidiaries to make cash that is utilized to fund
the NPO.
2) NPOs generate income in a variety of ways and pay employees on a commission
basis based on marketing and business revenue.
Fundraisers' challenge: ANSWER Commission is ethical for market-based income
but unethical for charity contributions raised. (A bonus is acceptable based on the
number of donors or the total revenue, but not on an individual basis).
Donor behaviours - ANSWER 1) differ from each other and the preceding
generation.
2) are interested in pursuing distinctive concepts.
3) earned riches swiftly in the 1990s and are interested in practicing philanthropy at
a younger age.
4) have built a venture philanthropy strategy (projects)
5) with a good project v. NP was a worthy cause (combining the two is tough).
Engaging constituents - ANSWER 1) Generation (1910-1930) was the 'long civic
generation' because they volunteered more than any previous or subsequent
generation.
2) Studies demonstrate that young people are returning to volunteering, inspired by
initiatives such as AmeriCorps, Vista, and Learn & Serve
Younger generations: ANSWER 1) Volunteer on an ad hoc manner rather than
making a long-term commitment.
2) Prefer to provide direct service rather than become involved in policymaking.
, 3) Want to volunteer with friends and coworkers and consider volunteering a social
activity.
4) Challenge non-profits because they lack the structure to engage volunteers on
their own terms.
-New models must be created to engage new generations.
Professionalization of the Sector - ANSWER 1) Management of non-profit
organizations has become increasingly professional, as has philanthropic
fundraising.
2) Graduate and undergraduate degrees in philanthropic studies and non-profit
management are expanding, with the prospect of continuous expansion.
Professionalism - ANSWER 1) Has the potential to impair the volunteer
experience.
2) Disengage volunteers if they are not handled.
3) Fundraisers prioritized their professional development over the requirements of
the NP or donations.
4) Continue to raise tensions over compensation levels in the NP sector.
5) Fundraising is NOT sales.
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