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PHIL 1100 Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025
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PHIL 1100 Final Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 prisoners (Allegory of the Cave) - ANSWERSnon-philosophers Philosophers spend their time giving unneeded definitions to ordinary terms. - ANSWERSFirst misunderstanding people have about philosophy Philosophy is all just opinion, and ther...

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PHIL 1100 Final Exam Questions &
Answers 2024/2025

prisoners (Allegory of the Cave) - ANSWERSnon-philosophers



Philosophers spend their time giving unneeded definitions to ordinary terms. - ANSWERSFirst
misunderstanding people have about philosophy



Philosophy is all just opinion, and there are no facts being dealt with. - ANSWERSSecond
misunderstanding people have about philosophy



Science and/or religion can answer all of our questions, so philosophy no longer has a use. -
ANSWERSThird misunderstanding people have about philosophy



Philosophy has no practical value. - ANSWERSFourth misunderstanding people have about philosophy



Socrates's definition of an "examined life" - ANSWERSthe exact opposite of the unexamined life; DOES
ask the important questions



Why is the unexamined life not worth living? - ANSWERSbecause then we would not really be living as a
person (it is almost our "moral" duty as a human to ask important questions)



Socratic Method - ANSWERSinvolves an attempt to define some important concept (not in a dictionary
sort of way) but rather getting at its essence through a series of questions [given x, but then is asked a
series of questions in order to contradict and to show fault (what if scenarios)]



Allegory of the Cave - ANSWERSgood example of the examined and the unexamined life



cave (Allegory of the Cave) - ANSWERSphysical world

,outside the cave (Allegory of the Cave) - ANSWERSthe mind



Why did the prisoner go back? (Allegory of the Cave) - ANSWERSIt is believed that it is the philosophers'
duty to go and enlighten others



Similarity among philosophy, religion, and science - ANSWERSthey attempt to offer explanations for who
we are and our place in the scheme of things



Characteristics of Philosophical Question - ANSWERS1. Cannot be answered empirically

2. They are questions that are being asked at the most fundamental level (the questions concern beliefs
that are central to our overall conceptual scheme, and that the questions are more general)

3. Are questions that require conceptual clarity before reason can proceed and try to answer them



conceptual analysis - ANSWERSclarifying and defining important concepts



metaphysics - ANSWERSthe subject concerned with the ultimate or fundamental nature of reality



examples (2) of a metaphysics question - ANSWERS1. Does God exist?

2. Do we have free will?



epistemology - ANSWERSthe study of nature, source, and extent of human knowledge



example of an epistemology question - ANSWERSWhat is knowledge?



axiology (value theory) - ANSWERSconcerned with the nature of value in morality and art



examples (3) of axiology questions - ANSWERS1. What makes your actions morally correct?

2. Should we live a moral life?

3. What is beauty?

, logic - ANSWERSthe theory of correct reasoning, the study of arguments, and the study of the methods
used to distinguish the good ones from the bad



Logic, if used in correct reasoning, is a pattern of reasoning that will never take you from _____ to
_______. - ANSWERStruth...falisty (if P then Q)



rhetoric - ANSWERSwhen philosophers talk about a good argument, they don't mean one that
CONVINCES you



deductive arguments - ANSWERSthe claim is that the conclusion follows from the premises with
certainty (not all are logically good)



inductive arguments - ANSWERSthe claim that only the conclusion is probable if the premises are true;
one is not guaranteeing the truth of the conclusion, but only claiming that it follows from the evidence
with some degree of probability



argument (can only be valid or invalid) - ANSWERSa sequence of statements, together with a claim, that
one of the statements (the conclusion) follows in some sense from the others (the premises)



statement - ANSWERSa sentence that has a truth value (true or false)



premise - ANSWERScan either be true or false



validity - ANSWERSthe most important concept to understand when first getting immersed in logic; a
RELATIONAL PROPERTY which describes a connection that exists between premises and conclusions



IF the premises are true then the conclusion but be____as well. - ANSWERStrue



Validity itself tells us nothing about whether or not the ________are true, and the same for the
__________. - ANSWERSpremises...conclusion



soundness (sound argument) - ANSWERSa valid argument in which the premises are true

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