SIQ: How does training affect performance?
Energy systems
Types of training and training methods
Principles of Training
Physiological adaptations in response to training
SDP: what are the 3 energy systems?
ATP/PC
Lactic acid
Aerobic
ATP/PC system - source of fuel
creatine phos...
SIQ: How does training affect performance? - ANSWER- Energy systems
Types of training and training methods
Principles of Training
Physiological adaptations in response to training
SDP: what are the 3 energy systems? - ANSWER- ATP/PC
Lactic acid
Aerobic
ATP/PC system - source of fuel - ANSWER- creatine phosphate
ATP/PC - efficiency - ANSWER- 1:1
ATP/PC - duration - ANSWER- 10-15 secs
ATP/PC - cause of fatigue - ANSWER- Inability to resynthesise
ATP/PC - by products - ANSWER- Heat
ATP/PC - Recovery rate - ANSWER- 2 mins rest
ATP/PC - activities - ANSWER- 100m sprint, shot put, weight lifting, high jump,
golf swing, discus throw
Lactic acid system - source of fuel - ANSWER- carbohydrates and glycogen
, Lactic acid system - duration - ANSWER- 10 secs - 4 mins (intensity dependent)
Lactic acid system - cause of fatigue - ANSWER- Lactic Acid build up, 'burn' (H+
ion build up acidosis in working muscle)
Lactic acid system - by products - ANSWER- Lactate
Lactic acid system - recovery rate - ANSWER- 30 mins - 2 hours, lactate removal.
If insufficient oxygen is available to the working muscles, the pyruvate binds to
pH-decreasing hydrogen atoms, forming lactate --> transported to the liver to be
metabolised and converted back into glycogen.
What is anaerobic glycolysis? - ANSWER- Glycogen --> glucose --> glucose
broken down --> releases energy for ATP resynthesis of 2 ATP + by product
pyruvate.
Aerobic system - source of fuel - ANSWER- carbohydrates( when intensity
increases towards and above 70% of max HR), fat (when at rest), protein (in
extreme cases when both other stores are depleted)
Aerobic system - efficiency - ANSWER- Slow, 1:36, when using fat as the fuel,
yield is even greater, >400 ATP (however this requires excessive oxygen, so
usually used at rest)
Aerobic system - duration - ANSWER- 2-6 hours
It takes at least 60 seconds for aerobic glycolysis to start providing energy, as the
increased O2 demand has to be delivered via the cardiovascular system
Aerobic system - cause of fatigue - ANSWER- Glycogen and carbohydrate
depletion
Neuromuscular and mental fatigue
Aerobic system - by products - ANSWER- CO2, H2O and heat
Aerobic system - recovery rate - ANSWER- Hours to days (intensity dependent),
replenish fuel stores - athletes must eat adequate amounts of food to replenish
stored. Eat 50-100g of carbohydrates within 30 mins of ex.
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