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NR 509 Week 4 - Cardiology Exam Questions and Answers 2024( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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NR 509 Week 4 - Cardiology Exam Questions and Answers 2024( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED).
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NR 509Week 4 - Cardiology
precordium - ANS the area on the anterior chest directly overlying the heart and great vessels
mediastinum - ANS -- the central compartment of the thoracic cavity surrounded by loose
connective tissue, as an undelineated region that contains a group of structures within the
thorax. The mediastinum contains the heart and its vessels, the esophagus, trachea, phrenic
and cardiac nerves, the thoracic duct, thymus and lymph nodes of the central chest.
-- a membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ, especially that
between the lungs.
What holds/where is the heart and great vessels located? - ANS between the lungs in the
middle third of the thoracic cage (mediastinum).
The heart extends from the ____nd to the ____th intercostal space and from the ____________
border of the sternum to the __________ midclavicular line (MCL). - ANS the 2nd to the 5th
right
left
The apex of the heart points laterally or medially? - ANS laterally
5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line (MCL).
Which chamber is immediately behind the sternum? - ANS right ventricle is immediately behind
the sternum and forms the greatest area of anterior cardiac surface
What are the names of the two atrioventricular (AV) valves that separate the atria and the
ventricles? - ANS The right AV valve is the tricuspid, and the left AV valve is the bicuspid or
mitral valve
chordae tendineae - ANS The valves' thin leaflets are anchored by collagenous fibers (chordae
tendineae) to papillary muscles embedded in the ventricle floor.
What are the semilunar (SL) valves set between?
, What are their names?
When do they open? - ANS the ventricles and the arteries
The SL valves are the pulmonic valve in the right side of the heart and the aortic valve in the left
side of the heart.
They open during pumping, or systole, to allow blood to be ejected from the heart.
Why does abnormally high pressure in the left side of the heart give a person symptoms of
pulmonary congestion, and abnormally high pressure in the right side of the heart shows in the
distended neck veins and abdomen? - ANS There are no valves between the vena cava and
the right atrium or between the pulmonary veins and the left atrium.
Direction of Blood Flow - ANS 1. From liver to RA through inferior vena cava.
Superior vena cava drains venous blood from the head and upper extremities.
From RA venous blood travels through the tricuspid valve to RV.
2. From RV venous blood flows through the pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery.
Pulmonary artery delivers oxygenated blood to the lungs.
3. Lungs oxygenate blood.
Pulmonary veins return fresh blood to LA.
4. From LA arterial blood travels through the mitral valve to LV.
LV ejects blood through the aortic valve into the aorta.
5. Aorta delivers oxygenated blood to the body.
When do the AV valves open and close? - ANS The AV valves open during the heart's filling
phase, or diastole, to allow the ventricles to fill with blood. During the pumping phase, or systole,
the AV valves close to prevent regurgitation of blood back up into the atria.
The first heart sound (S1) occurs when? - ANS the AV valves close and thus signals the
beginning of systole
You can hear S1 over all the precordium, but usually it is loudest at the apex.
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