Exam (elaborations)
Exam (elaborations) UofSC BIO302
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, Functional roles of proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS-Cell shape and structure (actin,lamin, tubulin)
Enzymes: catalyze covalent bonds, help speed up reactions
Transport: carries around ions or other molecules
Motor: generates movement in cells tissues
Storage: carries signals
Receptor
Gene regulatory
How are polypeptides formed? - CORRECT ANSWERS-amino acids joined together
into a polypeptide chain
Terminals of proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS-N-terminus: amino terminus
C-terminus: carboxyl terminus
Non-covalent bonds and protein folding - CORRECT ANSWERS-Noncovalent bonds
help protein fold
Hydrogen bonds: help to stabilize folded shape
Electrostatic attractions
Van der Waals
Hydrophobic forces help proteins fold compactly
Nonpolar side chains attracted to polar side chains
protein denaturation - CORRECT ANSWERS-when proteins are subject to heat, acid or
other conditions that disturb their stability
will lose its function
When removed, can regain natural shape
Prions - CORRECT ANSWERS-misfolded proteins
can cause neurodegenerative diseases (mad cow)
also can cause heterodimers
chaperone proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS-assist in folding other proteins
can go into isolation to chambers to avoid outside environment
-removes risk of forming aggregates
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