Exam (elaborations)
Principles of Human Physiology, 6th Edition by Stanfield
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Principles of Human Physiology, 6th Edition by Stanfield
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
TEST BANK Principles of Human Physiology Cindy Stanfield 6th Edition
-
Test Bank for Principles of Human Physiology 6th Edition by Stanfield
Seller
Follow
kushboopatel6867
Reviews received
Content preview
TEST BANK For Principles of Human Physiology, 6th Edition byStanfield
Direct communication - ANSWER:Gap junctions
Ligand - ANSWER:Molecules that bind to proteins reversibly
Indirect communication - ANSWER:Chemical messengers
Chemical messenger steps - ANSWER:1. Messenger is produced by source cell
2. Messenger is released, often by secretion
3. Messenger travels to the target cell
4. Target cells has receptors
5. Messenger binds to target cell receptors and triggers a response
6. Communication is indirect
3 classifications of chemical messengers - ANSWER:Paracrine
Neurotransmitter
Hormone
Paracrines - ANSWER:chemicals that communicate with neighboring cells. Target cell
must be close enough to be reached by simple diffusion.
Paracrine includes: - ANSWER:Amines, peptides/proteins, eicosanoids
Neurotransmitter includes - ANSWER:Amino acids, amines, peptides/proteins
Hormones include: - ANSWER:Amines, steroids, peptides/proteins
Example of paracrine - ANSWER:Histamine
Histamine - ANSWER:Important in allergic reactions and inflammation. Secreted by
mast cells.
Autocrine chemical messenger - ANSWER:A subclass of paracrines
Chemical that signals the same cell that secreted it
Source and target are the same
Synaptocrine chemical messenger - ANSWER:Produced by neurons and released into
the ECF of the synaptic cleft.
Chemical that signals between neurons. Communication within the synapse
Example of synaptocrine - ANSWER:Neurotransmitters Acetylcholine, GABA,
serotonin
, These 2 chemical messengers do not enter the blood - ANSWER:Paracrine and
autocrine
Examples of hormones: - ANSWER:insulin, adrenaline, thyroxin
Chemical messenger produced by endocrine cells - ANSWER:Hormone
Chemical messenger secreted into the blood via interstitial fluid - ANSWER:Hormone
Neurohormone - ANSWER:Produced by neurons and secreted into the blood
Examples of neurohormone: - ANSWER:ADH, oxytocin
Lipophobic ligand - ANSWER:Water soluble; not lipid soluble
Does not cross the cell membrane
Receptors on the cell membrane
General action of target response: enzyme activation, membrane permeability
changes
Lipophillic ligand - ANSWER:Lipid soluble.
Easily crosses cell membrane.
Has intracellular receptors.
General action of target response is via gene activation.
Amino acids made from glucose - ANSWER:Glutamate, aspartate
Amino acid made from 3-phosphoglycerate - ANSWER:Glycine
Amino acid made from glutamate - ANSWER:Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GABA)
3 things to know about Amino acids - ANSWER:Synthesized within a neuron
Stored in vesicles until needed
Released by exocytosis
Amines - ANSWER:Made or derived from an amino acid
Target receptors on cell membrane
Most or lipophobic (except thyroid hormones)
Peptide/protein messengers - ANSWER:***-Most abundant type of ligand***
-Lipophobic
-Target receptors on the cell membrane
-Made of chains of amino acids
--Peptide ligand (<50 amino acids)
--Protein ligand (>50 amino acids)
Steroid ligands - ANSWER:Lipophilic
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kushboopatel6867. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $17.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now