BIO 210 Genetics Exam 2: Questions With Solutions
GENE Right Ans - a segment of DNA that is used to make a RNA molecule or
a polypeptide
TRANSCRIPTION Right Ans - synthesizing RNA from a DNA template
PROTEIN ENCODING GENES Right Ans - carry the information from the
amino acid sequence of a polypeptide
mRNA Right Ans - the initial product of transcription; a temporary copy of
a gene that contains information to make a polypeptide
DNA REPLICATION Right Ans - making DNA copies that are transmitted
from cell to cell and from parent to offspring
POLYPEPTIDE Right Ans - a linear sequence of amino acids that is the
product of mRNA translation; one or more fold to form a functional protein
GENE EXPRESSION Right Ans - the overall process by which the info w.in a
gene is used to produce a functional product
REGULATORY SEQUENCES Right Ans - site for the binding of regulatory
proteins
REGULATORY PROTEINS Right Ans - influence the rate of transcription
PROMOTER bacteria Right Ans - site for RNA polymerase binding; initiates
transcription; -35 and -10 sequences
PROMOTER eukaryotes Right Ans - site for RNA polymerase binding;
initiates transcription; core promoter consists of a TATA box and
transcriptional start site
TERMINATOR Right Ans - a sequence w.in a gene that signals the end of
transcription
RIBOSOME-BINDING SITE Right Ans - site on mRNA for ribosome binding;
translation begins near this site
, CODON Right Ans - 3 nucleotide sequence w.in mRNA that determines the
sequence of amino acids w.in a polypeptide
RNA POLYMERASE bacteria Right Ans - an enzyme that synthesis a strand
of RNA using a DNA strand as a template
RNA POLYMERASE eukaryotes Right Ans - three types, RNA poly 1, 2 and 3
transcribes protein-encoding genes
RIBOSOME Right Ans - a large macro-molecule structure that acts as the
catalytic site for polypeptide synthesis; allows mRNA and tRNA to be
positioned correctly as the polypeptide is made
SMALL NUCLEAR RNA Right Ans - found in high amounts in the nucleolus
and promote the covalent modification of rRNAs
TRANSFER RNA Right Ans - molecules that act as temp carriers of amino
acids, bringing the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome based on the
mRNA
TATA BOX Right Ans - a sequence found w.in EUK core promoters that
determine the starting site for transcription
TRANSCRIPTION OF EUK PROTEIN ENCODING GENES IS INITIATED WHEN...
Right Ans - RNA polymerase 2 and general transcription factors bind to a
promoter sequence
SHINE-DALGARNO SEQUENCE Right Ans - a sequence in bacterial mRNAs
that functions as a ribosomal-binding site
WHICH BASE SEQUENCES ARE USED DURING TRANSCRIPTION? Right Ans
- promoter and terminator
TRANSCRIPTIONAL START SITE Right Ans - the first base used as a
template for transcription and is denoted +1
KEY SEQUENCE SITES IN BACTERIAL TRANSCRIPTION Right Ans - -35 and
-10
GENE Right Ans - a segment of DNA that is used to make a RNA molecule or
a polypeptide
TRANSCRIPTION Right Ans - synthesizing RNA from a DNA template
PROTEIN ENCODING GENES Right Ans - carry the information from the
amino acid sequence of a polypeptide
mRNA Right Ans - the initial product of transcription; a temporary copy of
a gene that contains information to make a polypeptide
DNA REPLICATION Right Ans - making DNA copies that are transmitted
from cell to cell and from parent to offspring
POLYPEPTIDE Right Ans - a linear sequence of amino acids that is the
product of mRNA translation; one or more fold to form a functional protein
GENE EXPRESSION Right Ans - the overall process by which the info w.in a
gene is used to produce a functional product
REGULATORY SEQUENCES Right Ans - site for the binding of regulatory
proteins
REGULATORY PROTEINS Right Ans - influence the rate of transcription
PROMOTER bacteria Right Ans - site for RNA polymerase binding; initiates
transcription; -35 and -10 sequences
PROMOTER eukaryotes Right Ans - site for RNA polymerase binding;
initiates transcription; core promoter consists of a TATA box and
transcriptional start site
TERMINATOR Right Ans - a sequence w.in a gene that signals the end of
transcription
RIBOSOME-BINDING SITE Right Ans - site on mRNA for ribosome binding;
translation begins near this site
, CODON Right Ans - 3 nucleotide sequence w.in mRNA that determines the
sequence of amino acids w.in a polypeptide
RNA POLYMERASE bacteria Right Ans - an enzyme that synthesis a strand
of RNA using a DNA strand as a template
RNA POLYMERASE eukaryotes Right Ans - three types, RNA poly 1, 2 and 3
transcribes protein-encoding genes
RIBOSOME Right Ans - a large macro-molecule structure that acts as the
catalytic site for polypeptide synthesis; allows mRNA and tRNA to be
positioned correctly as the polypeptide is made
SMALL NUCLEAR RNA Right Ans - found in high amounts in the nucleolus
and promote the covalent modification of rRNAs
TRANSFER RNA Right Ans - molecules that act as temp carriers of amino
acids, bringing the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome based on the
mRNA
TATA BOX Right Ans - a sequence found w.in EUK core promoters that
determine the starting site for transcription
TRANSCRIPTION OF EUK PROTEIN ENCODING GENES IS INITIATED WHEN...
Right Ans - RNA polymerase 2 and general transcription factors bind to a
promoter sequence
SHINE-DALGARNO SEQUENCE Right Ans - a sequence in bacterial mRNAs
that functions as a ribosomal-binding site
WHICH BASE SEQUENCES ARE USED DURING TRANSCRIPTION? Right Ans
- promoter and terminator
TRANSCRIPTIONAL START SITE Right Ans - the first base used as a
template for transcription and is denoted +1
KEY SEQUENCE SITES IN BACTERIAL TRANSCRIPTION Right Ans - -35 and
-10
