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(HU) NU 208 - Pathophysiology - Latest Midterm Exam Guide $11.49   Add to cart

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(HU) NU 208 - Pathophysiology - Latest Midterm Exam Guide

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(HU) NU 208 - Pathophysiology - Latest Midterm Exam Guide (HU) NU 208 - Pathophysiology - Latest Midterm Exam Guide (HU) NU 208 - Pathophysiology - Latest Midterm Exam Guide

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  • September 11, 2024
  • 42
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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ClemAcademia
NU 208



Pathophysiology




LATEST MIDTERM EXAM GUIDE




© HU 2024/2025

, 1. A patient presents with hypertension, edema, and proteinuria.
Which of the following conditions is most likely?


a) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)


b) Glomerulonephritis


c) Cirrhosis


d) Myocardial Infarction


Correct Answer: b) Glomerulonephritis


Rationale: Glomerulonephritis often presents with
hypertension, edema, and proteinuria due to inflammation and
damage to the glomeruli within the kidneys.


2. A patient with chronic bronchitis is most likely to show which
of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results?


© HU 2024/2025

, a) pH 7.45, PaCO2 30 mmHg, HCO3- 22 mEq/L


b) pH 7.35, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3- 28 mEq/L


c) pH 7.30, PaCO2 60 mmHg, HCO3- 18 mEq/L


d) pH 7.50, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L


Correct Answer: b) pH 7.35, PaCO2 50 mmHg, HCO3- 28
mEq/L


Rationale: Chronic bronchitis typically results in chronic
respiratory acidosis with compensatory metabolic alkalosis,
reflected in a normal pH, elevated PaCO2, and elevated HCO3-.


3. Which of the following is a common early manifestation of
hepatocellular carcinoma?


a) Jaundice


b) Severe pain


© HU 2024/2025

, c) Weight loss


d) Hematemesis


Correct Answer: c) Weight loss


Rationale: Weight loss is a common early symptom of
hepatocellular carcinoma due to the metabolic effects of the tumor
and anorexia. Jaundice and severe pain typically occur in later
stages.


4. Which cytokine is primarily responsible for the fever response
in systemic inflammatory states?


a) Interleukin-1 (IL-1)


b) Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)


c) Interleukin-6 (IL-6)


d) Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)


© HU 2024/2025

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