Test Bank For Advanced Pharmacology for Prescribers
1st Edition by Brent Q. Luu, Gerald Kayingo, Virginia
McCoy Hass
A nurse is caring for a postsurgical patient who has small torturous veins and had a
difficlut IV insertion. the patient isnow recieving medications on a regular basis. what
is the best nursing intervention to minimize the adverse effects of this drug therapy?
A) monitor the patient's bleeding time
B) check the patients blood glucose levels
C) record baseline vital signs
D) Monitor the IV site for redness, swelling, or pain - ANSWER D) monitor the iv
site for redness, swelling, or pain
A patient is in the clinic after 6 weeks of taking riluzozle (Rilutek) for a recent
diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The nurse will prioritize assessment for
which of the following?
A) weight gain
B) constipation
C) increased energy
D) dizziness - ANSWER D) dizziness
Which of the following patients demonstrates the clearest indication for treatment
with prednisone?
A) A 66-year-old woman whose history of smoking has culminated in a diagnosis of
emphysema
B) A 70-year-old man whose rheumatoid arthritis has not responded to OTC pain
relievers
C) A 12-year-old boy whose long-standing fatigue and malaise have been attributed
to leukemia
D) A 50-year-old woman who is being treated for hypertension with a diuretic and an
ACE inhibitor - ANSWER B) A 70-year-old man whose rheumatoid arthritis has not
responded to OTC pain relievers Prednisone is mostly used to treat conditions such
as breathing problems, skin diseases, arthritis, immune system disorders, eye
problems, blood problems and disorders, allergies, and cancer. Prednisone lowers
the response of the immune system of an individual to various diseases with an aim
of reducing some symptoms such as allergic reactions and swellings. Prednisone
achieves this as it belongs to a category of drugs referred to as corticosteroids.
Emphysema, leukemia, and hypertension do not need lowering of the response of
the body's immune system and hence cannot be treated using prednisone.
A nurse has been administering a drug to a patient intramuscularly (IM). The
physician discontinued the IM dose and wrote an order for the drug to be given
,orally. The nurse notices that the oral dosage is considerably higher than the
parenteral dose and understands that this due to__
A) passive diffusion.
B) active transport.
C) glomerular filtration.
D) first-pass effect - ANSWER D) First pass effect is a phenomenon of drug
metabolism whereby the concentration of a drug specifically when administered
orally, is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation. Therefore,
necessitating the need for higher oral dosage than the parenteral dose.
A cardiac care nurse is monitoring a patient who is receiving lidocaine (Xylocaine)
per IV infusion pump for an acute ventricular arrhythmia associated with an acute MI.
Which of the following patient manifestations would cause the nurse to notify the
physician immediately?
A) Confusion
B) Headache
C) Nausea
D) Leg cramps - ANSWER A) The nurse would notify the physician immediately if
the patient exhibits confusion while receiving lidocaine (Xylocaine) for an acute
ventricular arrhythmia associated with an acute MI. Confusion can be a sign of
lidocaine toxicity, which can lead to serious complications such as seizures or
cardiac arrest. Therefore, it is important to alert the physician promptly so that
appropriate interventions can be taken to ensure the patient's safety and well-being.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is admitted into the cardiac care unit with acute,
decompensated heart failure. Nesiritide (Natrecor) has been ordered. When
preparing for administration of the drug, the nurse will__
A) add the reconstituted vial of medication to a 1,000 mL IV bag.
B) shake the vial vigorously to mix the medication for reconstitution.
C) administer the initial IV bolus over approximately 60 seconds.
D) use the reconstituted solution within a 36-hour period - ANSWER C) Nesiritide is
used for intravenous treatment of individuals with acutely decompensated heart
failure who have dyspnea (shortness of breath) at rest or with minimal activity.
Following the preparation of the infusion bag, withdraw the bolus volume from the
Nesiritide infusion bag and administer it over approximately 60 seconds through an
IV port in the tubing. Blood pressure must be monitored closely during Nesiritide
administration.
A patient has been prescribed lithium therapy. Which of the following
signs and symptoms will the nurse tell the patient to report immediately?
A) Increased urination
B) Muscle twitching
C) Hair loss
D) Increased thirst - ANSWER B) Muscle twitching
Explanation: Muscle twitching can be a sign of lithium toxicity and should be reported
immediately. Increased urination, hair loss, and increased thirst are common side
,effects of lithium therapy but do not require immediate reporting unless they become
severe or persistent.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with Parkinson disease.
The patient does not understand how the medication ordered, carbidopa-levodopa,
is going to help her condition. Which of the following is the correct response by the
nurse?
A) "Carbidopa-levodopa will delay the loss of muscle strength and limb function for
several months."
B) "This drug will change the immune processes in your body to help decrease the
tissue damage."
C) "Carbidopa-levodopa increases the activity of dopamine in your body, which will
decrease your symptoms."
D) "Your drug therapy will reduce excessive reflex activity causing your muscle
spasms and will allow for muscle relaxation - ANSWER C) "Carbidopa-levodopa
increases the activity of dopamine in your body, which will decrease your
symptoms."
A patient is taking flavoxate hydrochloride (Urispas) to help control an overactive
bladder. On a follow-up visit to the clinic, the nurse will question the patient about
which of the following?
A) Chronic diarrhea
B) Dental hygiene practices
C) Headaches
D) Diet - ANSWER B) Dental Hygiene Practices
The nurse will question the patient about their dental hygiene practices. Flavoxate
hydrochloride (Urispas) is a medication used to help control an overactive bladder.
While it is not directly related to dental hygiene, it is important for the nurse to assess
the patient's overall health and any potential side effects or complications that may
arise from taking the medication. Dental hygiene practices can have an impact on a
person's overall health, so it is important for the nurse to inquire about this aspect of
their self-care routine during a follow-up visit.
A nurse notes new drug orders for a patient who is already getting several
medications. Which of the following is the most important consideration when
preparing to administer the new drugs?
A) How the patient will feel about new medications added to her drug therapy
B) Possible drug-drug interactions that might occur
C) Any special nursing considerations that the nurse must be aware of
D) If generic preparations of the drugs can be used - ANSWER B) Possible drug-
drug interactions that might occur
A nurse is discussing with a patient the efficacy of a drug that his physician has
suggested, and he begin taking. Efficacy of a drug means which of the following?
A) The amount of the drug that must be given to produce a particular response
B) How well a drug produces its desired effect
, C) A drug's strength of attraction for a receptor site
D) A drug's ability to stimulate its receptor - ANSWER B) How well a drug produces
its desired effect
A nurse is conducting a medication resolution of a new resident of
a care facility and notes that the woman has been taking neostigmine.
The nurse should recognize that the woman may have a history of what
health problem?
A) Alzheimer disease
B) Parkinson disease
C) Myasthenia gravis
D) Multiple sclerosis - ANSWER C) Myasthenia gravis
A 77-year-old man's chronic heart failure is being treated with a regimen of quinapril
(Accupril) and furosemide (Lasix). Which of the following assessment findings would
suggest that the loop diuretic is contributing to a therapeutic effect?
A) The man's glomerular filtration rate and creatinine levels are within reference
ranges.
B) The man's heart rate is between 60 and 70 beats per minute with a regular
rhythm.
C) The man's potassium and sodium levels remain with reference ranges.
D) The man's chest sounds are clear and his ankle edema is lessened - ANSWER
D) The man's chest sounds are clear and his ankle edema is lessened
A nurse explains to a patient that nitroglycerin patches should be applied in the
morning and removed in the evening. This medication schedule reduces the
potential for__
A) adverse effects.
B) nitrate dependence.
C) nitrate tolerance
D) toxic effects - ANSWER C) nitrate tolerance
A nurse who provides care on a busy medical unit of a large hospital is constantly
faced with new drugs on patients' medication administration records. What strategy
should the nurse employ to foster up-to-date information about the nursing
management of new or uncommon drugs?
A) Focus on learning about a prototype drug that is characteristic of a larger drug
class
B) Identify similarities between new drugs and older drugs that are commonly used
on the unit
C) Commit time and energy during each shift to learning about new drugs
D) Liaise with pharmacists and pharmacy technicians who work at the hospital -
ANSWER A) Focus on learning about a prototype drug that is characteristic of a
larger drug class
A prototype drug is one individual pharmaceuticals drug, a group of chemicals that
has chemical structures, action mechanism, and mode of action, in pharmacology
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