NUR 211- Burns Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 211
Institution
NUR 211
Who is at high risk of mortality when burned? the elderly and the very young, anyone with comorbidities, anyone with inhalation injury or a tbsa of >50%
The skin is the largest organ in the body. What are its functions? - protection against infection and injury - regulation of fluid loss - ther...
NUR 211- Burns Review Questions and
Correct Answers
Who is at high risk of mortality when burned? ✅the elderly and the very young, anyone
with comorbidities, anyone with inhalation injury or a tbsa of >50%
The skin is the largest organ in the body. What are its functions? ✅- protection against
infection and injury
- regulation of fluid loss
- thermoregulation
- synthesis of vitamin d
- sensation
- determination of identity
The 3 layers of the skin include? ✅epidermis: the outermost and thinnest
Dermis: the functional unit of skin
Subcutaneous: binds the skin to tissues and insulates
You must have at least some of the ___________________ intact to regenerate skin
after burns ✅dermis
People with deep partial thickness or full thickness burns will need skin grafting
Burns are classified into what 3 types? Which is the most common? ✅thermal,
chemical, and electrical.
Thermal (heat) is the most common, but chemical and electrical require special initial
treatment.
Radiation from cancer treatments and the sun can also cause burns
Thermal (heat) injuries are caused when the skin comes into contact with a source of
sufficient temperature to cause cell injury by? ✅coagulation (direct burn to cells turns a
liquid to solid)
This can occur from flame, scalding liquids, steam, or a heat source
The severity of a thermal injury is r/t the heat intensity and duration of contact. A heat
source of less than ___________ degrees does *not* cause burns regardless of time of
exposure ✅104.
Exposure of a temperature of *140* degrees can cause full thickness burns in as little as
3-5 seconds
, The average water heater in a home is set at 140 degrees.
Chemical injury is caused by? ✅contact, inhalation of fumes, ingestion, or injection of
some type of chemical substance
It can result in both local and systemic effects
*tissue damage will continue until the chemical is neutralized or removed*
What is placed in the workplace and has information on all chemicals in the building
including composition, s/e, and potential for toxicity? ✅msds
What are the 3 categories of chemical agents? ✅1. Alkalis (these produce the worst
burns)
2. Acids
3. Organic compounds
Examples of alkalis include? ✅bases like lye, wet cement, fertilizer, and ammonia.
Commonly found in the home
Why do alkalis produce the worst burns? ✅- the skin cannot neutralize them bc they
bind to tissue proteins and make it more difficult to stop the burning process
- they also lead to severe edema and fluid loss which produces *liquefaction necrosis*
The depth of injury from acids tends to be limited
Warning signs of burns from a meth lab: ✅- vague/inconsistent injury history
- burns to the face and hands
- signs of agitation/withdrawal
If a chemical burn were to occur, what is the order of steps the nurse would take? ✅1.
Protect yourself with gloves and mask
2. Get the chemical off
3. Remove clothes completely
4. Flush chemical from the skin with fluid
5. Cover with dry, sterile dressing
How do you remove chemicals from someone with a chemical burn? ✅you can use a
washcloth or brush it off if it is powder
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