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Complete Test Bank History of World Societies 11th Edition Wiesner Hanks Questions
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Complete Test Bank History of World Societies 11th Edition Wiesner Hanks Questions
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Complete Test Bank History of World Societies 11thEdition Wiesner Hanks Questions & Answers
Hominids - ANSWER A creature belonging to the family Hominidae, which includes
human and human-like species (gorillas, orangutans, etc.)
Paleolithic Era - ANSWER Called the Old Stone Age (from 10,000 to 2.5 million
years ago); they were concerned with food supply, used stone as well as bone tools,
nomadic hunters and gatherers
Foraging - ANSWER Behavior associated with recognizing, searching for,
capturing, and consuming food
Neolithic Era - ANSWER "New Stone Age" characterized by the development of
agricultural settlements
Neanderthals - ANSWER An extinct species of human that was widely distributed in
ice-age Europe between circa 120,000-35,000 years ago, with a receding forehead
and prominent brow ridges. The Neanderthals were associated with the Mousterian
flint industry of the Middle Paleolithic
Megafaunal Extinction - ANSWER Dying out of a number of large animal species,
including the mammoth and several species of horses and camels, that occurred
around 11,000-10,000 years ago, at the end of the Ice Age; the extinction may have
been caused by excessive hunting or by the changing climate of the era
Division of Labor - ANSWER Division of work into a number of separate tasks to be
performed by different workers
Animism - ANSWER Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural
events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life
Shamans - ANSWER Religious specialists who possessed supernatural powers,
communicated with the gods and nature spirits, invoked divine aid on behalf of their
communities, and informed their companions of their gods' will
Agricultural Revolution - ANSWER Resulted not only in a more reliable food source,
but also in a shifting of dependancy and power to males over females, the claiming
and defending of land, and the establishment of the first political and religious
institutions
Domesticated - ANSWER Brought under human control; tamed or cultivated
Horticulture - ANSWER Cultivation of crops carried out with simple hand tools such
as digging sticks or hoes
, Pastoralism - ANSWER A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal
husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food, clothing, and shelter
Social Hierarchies - ANSWER Divisions between rich and poor, elites and common
people that have been a central feature of human society since the Neolithic era
Patriarchy - ANSWER A system of society or government in which the father or
eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line
Polytheism - ANSWER The belief in many gods
Cuneiform - ANSWER A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a
wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets
Epic Poem - ANSWER A long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds
Hammurabi's Law Code - ANSWER One of the first law codes; it was quite harsh
and favored the upper class, but it was in innovation because it was a set of codes
"divinely given", not just what the ruler wanted
Pharaoh - ANSWER A king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political
and military leader
Indo-European Languages - ANSWER Language family including the Germanic
and Romance languages that is spoken by 50% of the world's people
Iron Age - ANSWER The period following the Bronze Age; characterized by rapid
spread of another metal in tools and weapons
Phoenicians - ANSWER Semitic-speaking Canaanites living on the coast of modern
Lebanon and Syria in the first millennium B.C.E. Famous for developing the first
alphabet, which was adopted by the Greeks. From major cities such as Tyre and
Sidon, these merchants and sailors explored the Mediterranean, and engaged in
widespread commerce
Yahweh - ANSWER Hebrew name for God
Zoroastrianism - ANSWER A religion that developed in early Persia and stressed
the fight between the forces of good and the forces of evil and how eventually the
forces of good would prevail
Harappan - ANSWER An ancient Indian civilization that developed along the Indus
River
Aryans - ANSWER Nomads from Europe and Asia who migrated to India and finally
settled; vedas from this time suggest beginning of caste system
Rig Veda - ANSWER A collection of 1,017 Sanskrit hymns composed about 1500
BCE or earlier; Hinduism's oldest sacred text
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