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Exam 5- UTA 5315 Exam 5 Renal and Repro| Renal, Gastro, Repro, Endo Test with Solutions
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Exam 5- UTA 5315 Exam 5 Renal and Repro| Renal, Gastro, Repro, Endo Test with Solutions
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Exam 5- UTA 5315 Exam 5 Renal and Repro| Renal,Gastro, Repro, Endo Test with Solutions
Inversly Correct-phosphorus and calcium are _______ related
Decreases, increases Correct-Calcium __________ in renal failure, so phosphorus
______________
Nephron Correct-Functions: filtration, reabsorption, secretion
glomerular filtration Correct-The first step in urine formation in which substances in blood
pass through the filtration membrane and the filtrate enters the proximal convoluted tubule
of the nephron.
Glomerular filtration rate GFR Correct-amount of filtrate formed in all the renal corpuscles
of both kidneys each minute; filtration of plasma per unit of time; directly related to the
perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries; filtrate enters proximal tubule @ 125ml/min
proximal convoluted tubule Correct-first section of the renal tubule that the blood flows
through; Reabsorbs all the glucose and reabsorbs amino acids, most of the HCO3, a, Cl,
phosphate, K, H20; If serum glucose is >180 mg/dL, the renal threshold for glucose is
, Exam 5- UTA 5315 Exam 5 Renal and Repro| Renal,
Gastro, Repro, Endo Test with Solutions
exceeded and results in glucosuria and damage associated with DM; When stimulated by the
parathyroid hormone, this tubule excretes phosphate; The site of action for angiotensin II,
which stimulates Na, H20, and Bicarb reabsorption
Descending loop of Henle Correct-section of nephron tubing that extends from proximal
tubule; impermeable to Na, passively reabsorbs water and concentrates urine
ascending loop of henle Correct-section of nephron tubing that extends from descending
loop of henle; actively reabsorbs Na, K, Cl; Induces the reabsorption of magnesium and Ca
and is IMPEREABLE to water -> making the urine more dilute
distal convoluted tubule Correct-Between the descending loop of Henle and the collecting
duct; Selective reabsorption and secretion occur here, actively reabsorbs Na; Impermeable to
water, making urine more dilute; Parathyroid hormone increases Ca reabsorption here
Collecting tubule Correct-Extends from the distal convoluted tubule and connects with the
renal pyramids; Reabsorbs Na in exchange for K and H+; this process is regulated by the
hormone aldosterone and is the site of action for Antidiuretic hormone as well
, Exam 5- UTA 5315 Exam 5 Renal and Repro| Renal,
Gastro, Repro, Endo Test with Solutions
Juxtaglomerular cells Correct-part of Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) that is a collection
of cells that monitor renal pressure and help to maintain normal GFR through the release of
RENIN
When renal perfusion is decreased these cells release renin got help increase GFR; end result
of renin is the release of angiotensin II which constricts the efferent arteriole and thus
increases the pressure to the glomerulus
Macula Densa Correct-part of JGA that is a group of epithelial cells located in the distal
convoluted tubule that are in close contact with afferent and efferent arterioles
helps regulate GFR
Mesangial Cells Correct-Part of JGA that function as macrophages and are able to contract
to regular blood flow of the glomerular capillaries
Contract and relax in response to hormonal stimulation
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