Psychology 1XX3 McMaster Review UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
2 views 0 purchase
Course
Psychology 1XX3 McMaster
Institution
Psychology 1XX3 McMaster
Psychology 1XX3 McMaster Review
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Development - CORRECT ANSWER- Gene-environment interactions across an
individual's lifespan
Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER- Gene-environment interactions across the
evolutionary history of a species
Neuroscience...
Psychology 1XX3 McMaster Review
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Development - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Gene-environment interactions across an
individual's lifespan
Evolution - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Gene-environment interactions across the
evolutionary history of a species
Neuroscience - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The study of the nervous system, and the neural
basis of thought and behaviour
Maturation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The biologically-timed unfolding of changes within
the individual according to that individual's genetic plan
Learning - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The acquisition of neuronal representations of new
information; relatively permanent changes in our thoughts, behaviours, and feelings as a
result of our experiences
Interactionist Perspective - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The view that holds that maturation
and learning interact during development
Developmental psychologists tend to look at changes that occur in infancy because... -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Development in infancy is more dramatic
Habituation Procedure - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Repeatedly presents infant with the same
stimulus while measuring changes in responses. Once infant is bored, if it reacts to a new
stimulus then it means it can tell the difference between the two.
Habituation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A decrease in the responsiveness to a stimulus
following its repeated presentation
,Dishabituation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An increase in the responsiveness to a stimulus
that is somehow different from the habituated stimulus
Event Related Potentials Procedure - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Electrode cap, measures
activity of area of interest depending on the stimulus and experiment
High-amplitude sucking method - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An infant learns to suck a
pacifier faster if it wants more of something - we learn what stimuli infants like by seeing if it
sucks the pacifier faster
Preference Method - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Infant is put in a chamber with 2 stimuli.
Researcher observes which stimulus the infant spends more time looking at.
Competence-Performance Distinction - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔An individual may fail a
task not because they lack those cognitive abilities, but because they are unable to
demonstrate those abilities
Longitudinal Design - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A developmental research design in which
the same individuals are studied repeatedly over some subset of their lifespan
Cross-Sectional Design - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A developmental research design in
which individuals from different age groups are studied at the same point in time
Selective Attrition - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Loss of participants in a study such that the
sample ends up being non-responsive of the population as a whole
Practice Effects - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Changes in participants' responses due to
repeated testing
Disadvantages of Cross-Sectional Design - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Cannot distinguish
age effects from generational effects ; Cannot directly assess individual development change
Zygote - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The name for the ovum penetrated by a sperm cell
,A zygote contains how many chromosomes? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔46 (23 from each
parent)
Chromosome - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A threadlike structure that is made from
deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA; contains between 30,000 and 40,000 genes
Genes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Segments of DNA that provide the chemical code for
development
Monozygotic Twins - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Genetically identical because they come
from the same sperm and ovum, which formed one zygote, and then split into two separate
zygotes
Dizygotic (Fraternal) Twins - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔No more genetically similar than
any two siblings, because they come from two different sperm and ova, and start off as two
different zygotes from the moment of conception (share ~50% of genes)
Autosomes - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The 22 chromosomes that are similar in both males
and females
Which chromosome determines a person's gender? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔23rd
Which parent determines offspring gender? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Male - who can
donate either an X or a Y chromosome as opposed to a female who can only donate an X
Phenotype - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The expression of an individual's genotype in terms
of observable characteristics
Simple Dominant-Recessive Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔A pattern of
inheritance in which the expression of a trait is determined by a single pair of alleles
, Homozygous - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔When two alleles have the same effect on the
phenotype
Heterozygous - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔When two alleles have a different effect on the
phenotype - dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype, recessive allele is not expressed
but still heritable
Polygenetic Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔When multiple genes are involved in
the expression of a trait
Codominance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Two dominant alleles are both fully and equally
expressed to produce a phenotype that is a compromise between the two genes
Sex-linked Inheritance - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Involves genes expressed on the X
chromosome. Some recessive genes are expressed on the X chromosome so since females
have 2, they are less likely to have it expressed than males
Canalization Principle - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Genotype restricts the phenotype to a
small number of possible developmental outcomes; Some developmental processes are
buffered against environmental variability
Range-of-Reaction Principle - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Genotype establishes a range of
possible responses to different kinds of life experiences
Passive Genotype/Environment Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The environment
that parents choose to raise their children in was influenced by the parents' own genes
Evocative Genotype/Environment Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔The traits that we
have inherited affect how others react to and behave towards us
Active Genotype/Environment Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Our genotypes
influence the kinds of environments that we seek
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller MGRADES. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
