118 Texes 4-8 Social Studies Flashcards
Human Migration correct answersThe movement of people from one location to another.
Caddo Indians correct answersLived in East and Northeast Texas, in addition, Louisiana, and portions of
Southern Arkansas and Oklahoma. Most of the Caddo Indians were farmers and lived in villages that
were near flowing creeks or springs with fresh water. Permanent homes made of wood frames and mud
walls. They were sedentary settlers. They also traded goods all over Texas, the Mississippi River valley
and the southeastern United States.
Coahuiltecans Indians correct answersNative American people concentrated in Southern Texas (Modern
day San Antonio to Brownsville to Corpus Christi) along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. They consisted of
several independent seasonal nomadic groups who shared the same language and much of the same
culture. The tribe included the groups called the Cujanes, Cocos, Guapites, and Copanes. Lived in small
huts made of reeds.
Karankawas Indians correct answersCentral and Gulf Region
First Native Americans to come into contact with Europeans, and thus the first to suffer.
Tonkawas Indians correct answers1. Gulf, Central, High Plains Region
2. Hunters and gatherers
3. Lived in Huts and teepees
4. Enemies with the Comanches
Comanche Indians correct answers1. Feared by Texans
2. North and Central Texas (Panhandle to modern day Abilene and even going as far south as Austin).
3. Nomadic Hunters and Gatherers
4. Lived in Teepees
,5. Fierce warriors, Skilled traders, Rode Horses (Tamed Wild Mustangs)
Lipians - Apache Indians correct answersLipan Apache Indians are Southern Athabaskan (Apachean)
Native Americans whose traditional territory included present-day Texas, New Mexico, Colorado and the
northern Mexican states of Chihuahua, Nuevo León, Coahuila, and Tamaulipas prior to the 17th century.
Apache tribes were known as fierce warriors and knowledgeable strategists. Buffalo Hunters who tamed
Mustangs. Located in the High Plains and Mountain-Basins region.
Jumano Indians correct answers1. West Texas
2. Mountains and Basin region
3. Were Farmers and Hunters
4. Sedentary lifestyle
5. Built homes of Adobe
6. Grew crops near the Rio Grande River
Hopi (Pueblo) Indians, North America: Southwest, Hope, Peace correct answers1. Migrated from Mexico
in 500 BCE
2. Populated Northeastern Arizona
3. Specialized in Agriculture (Corn)
4. Known for being peaceful individuals
5. Kept tribes intact on reservations or villages called "Pueblos."
Cherokee Indians, North America: Southeast correct answers1. 1450
2. Southeastern United States
3. Specialized in Agriculture, Hunter and Gatherers
4. No Central Government
5. Lived in Villages or Homesteads.
6. Cherokee Nation v. Georgia: (1831) The Cherokees argued that they were a separate nation and
therefore not under Georgia's jurisdiction. The Supreme Court ruled that Indians were not independent
nations but dependent domestic nations which could be regulated by the federal government. From
then until 1871, treaties were formalities with the terms dictated by the federal government.
,Iroquois Confederacy Indians, North America: Northeast, Kidnappers correct answers1. 1722
2. Originally were located in Upstate New York. As time went on, they migrated from Northeastern
United States to Eastern Canada
3. Horticulture, Hunter and Gatherers
4. Expanded territory through war and conquest
5. Most powerful natives in Northeast. Kidnapped young men, women and children and raised them as
Iroquois.
Mohicans Indians, North America, Northeast, Longhouses correct answers1. 1500's
2. Location was above Hudson River
3. Specialized in Agriculture, Hunter and Gatherers.
4. Composed of five tribes in 40 villages
5. Lived in longhouses
Aztec Tribe, Central and South America correct answers1. 1428-1521
2. Central Mexico
3. Were connected by roads
4. Informal empire who ruled itself
5. Paid tribute to Tenochtitlan pyramid, which is now Mexico City
6. Cultivated Maize (Corn)
Mayan Tribe, Central and South America correct answers1. Began around 2000 BCE
2. Started declining in 1000 BCE
3. Were located in Southern Mexico and Guatemala
4. Economy: Agriculture and City-centered
5. Traded with other Mesoamerican civilizations
6. Pyramids for religious ceremonies
7. Advanced writing system and Mathematics
, Inca Tribe, Central and South America correct answers1. Began in 1438
2. Started declining when Francisco Pizarro conquered the empire in 1533
3. Pacific coast of South America. Cuzco was the capital
4. Economy: Agriculture, trade, architecture, and government
5. Mathematics
6. Built roads
7. Region based on nature
8. Believed in reincarnation
Olmec Civilization (1200 - 400 BCE) correct answersThe first Mesoamerican civilization; Invented the
long-count calendar, a writing system, and are remembered for the excellence of their stone carvings.
Teotihuacán Civilization correct answersWest of the Olmec area, was known for its monumental
pyramids, temples, and roads.
Toltec civilization (900-1100 CE) correct answersKnown for skill in metal work and pottery.
Reasons for European Exploration correct answers1. To find new trade routes to the far east
2. To map uncharted areas
3. To find treasure
4. To set up colonies
5. Missionary Work
6. God, Glory, Gold
Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca (1527) - Shipwrecked correct answersThe first European explorer to actually
search the lands of Texas looking for "Cibola," or the Seven Cities of Gold. Although he did not find any
cities of gold, Cabeza de Vaca recorded accurate accounts of interactions with the Native Americans and
mapped the geographic characteristics of the land. He was originally part of the Narvaez expedition,
which began in 1527, but after disaster struck he found himself wandering the coastline of the Gulf of
Mexico in search of Mexico City. Throughout his travels, he lived with several different Native American
tribes and chronicled their ways of life. He shared his writings widely upon his return to Europe.
