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WEST COAST EMT EXAM GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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WEST COAST EMT EXAM GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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WEST COAST EMT EXAM GUIDEQUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
A 30-year-old male was rescued after being lost in the woods for approximately 18
hours. The outside temperature is 30°F (-1°C). He is immediately placed in the warmed
ambulance, where you perform a primary assessment. He is unresponsive, pale, and
apneic. You should:
Select one:
A. assess for a carotid pulse for up to 60 seconds.
B. apply chemical heat packs to his groin and axillae.
C. apply an AED and assess his cardiac rhythm.
D. open his airway and give two rescue breaths. - Answer-A. assess for a carotid pulse
for up to 60 seconds.
A 31-year-old male was bitten on the leg by an unidentified snake. The patient is
conscious and alert and in no apparent distress. Your assessment of his leg reveals two
small puncture marks with minimal pain and swelling. In addition to administering
oxygen and providing reassurance, further care for this patient should include:
Select one:
A. elevating the lower extremities and giving antivenin.
B. supine positioning, splinting the leg, and transporting.
C. applying ice to the wound and transporting quickly.
D. transporting only with close, continuous monitoring. - Answer-B. supine positioning,
splinting the leg, and transporting.
All of the following terms refer to a body part that is cold but not frozen, EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. trench foot.
B. frostnip.
C. frostbite.
D. immersion foot. - Answer-C. frostbite.
Burns associated with lightning strikes are typically:
Select one:
A. full-thickness.
B. superficial.
C. partial-thickness.
D. third-degree. - Answer-B. superficial.
Common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. headache.
,B. hot, dry skin.
C. nausea.
D. tachycardia. - Answer-
Drowning is MOST accurately defined as:
Select one:
A. water in the lungs following submersion in water.
B. death beyond 24 hours after submersion in water.
C. temporary survival after submersion in water.
D. death from suffocation after submersion in water. - Answer-D. death from suffocation
after submersion in water.
Hypothermia occurs when the core body temperature falls below:
Select one:
A. 88°F (31°C).
B. 98°F (37°C).
C. 95°F (35°C).
D. 90°F (32°C). - Answer-C. 95°F (35°C).
In contrast to Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever:
Select one:
A. causes painful joint swelling after a few days or weeks.
C. may be confused with rheumatoid arthritis.
D. presents with flu-like symptoms and a bull's-eye rash. - Answer-B. can cause
paralysis and cardiorespiratory collapse.
Most of the serious injuries associated with scuba diving are caused by:
Select one:
A. alcohol consumption.
B. cold water temperature.
C. too rapid of an ascent.
D. too rapid of a descent. - Answer-C. too rapid of an ascent.
The body's natural cooling mechanism, in which sweat is converted to a gas, is called:
Select one:
A. convection.
B. radiation.
C. evaporation.
D. conduction. - Answer-C. evaporation.
The EMT must assume that any unwitnessed water-related incident is accompanied by:
Select one:
A. cold-water immersion.
B. an air embolism.
C. alcohol intoxication.
,D. possible spinal injury. - Answer-D. possible spinal injury.
The MOST prominent symptom of decompression sickness is:
Select one:
A. abdominal or joint pain.
B. difficulty with vision.
C. tightness in the chest.
D. dizziness and nausea. - Answer-A. abdominal or joint pain.
The venom of a black widow spider is toxic to the:
Select one:
A. cardiovascular system.
B. renal system.
C. respiratory system.
D. nervous system. - Answer-D. nervous system.
When a warm hand is immersed in water that is 70°F (21°C), heat is transferred from
the hand to the water through a process called:
Select one:
A. evaporation.
B. conduction.
C. radiation.
D. convection. - Answer-B. conduction.
Which of the following is an early sign of pit viper envenomation?
Select one:
A. Signs and symptoms of hypoperfusion
B. Syncope and bleeding at distal sites
C. General weakness and diaphoresis
D. Local swelling and ecchymosis - Answer-D. Local swelling and ecchymosis
Which of the following MOST accurately describes hyperthermia?
Select one:
A. Heat evaporates a significant amount of body water.
B. The body eliminates more heat than it can generate.
C. The core body temperature exceeds 99.5°F (37°C).
D. The body is exposed to more heat than it can lose. - Answer-D. The body is exposed
to more heat than it can lose.
You and your partner respond to a park where several people were reportedly struck by
lightning. When you arrive, you find three patients. The first patient is lying supine on
the ground; he is unresponsive and does not appear to be breathing. The second
patient is ambulatory, appears confused, and is holding his arm against his chest. The
third patient is sitting on the ground holding the sides of his head. After calling for
backup, you should:
Select one:
, A. assess the unresponsive patient's pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions
if he is pulseless, and attach the AED as soon as possible.
B. immediately begin CPR on the unresponsive patient, but cease resuscitation efforts if
there is no response after 5 minutes of treatment.
C. focus your initial treatment efforts on the patients who are conscious because the
unresponsive patient is likely in irreversible cardiac arrest.
D. recognize that the patients w - Answer-A. assess the unresponsive patient's pulse,
begin CPR starting with chest compressions if he is pulseless, and attach the AED as
soon as possible.
You are transporting a 28-year-old man with a frostbitten foot. The patient's vital signs
are stable and he denies any other injuries or symptoms. The weather is treacherous
and your transport time to the hospital is approximately 45 minutes. During transport,
you should:
Select one:
A. administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.
B. cover his foot with chemical heat compresses.
C. protect the affected part from further injury.
D. rewarm his foot in 102°F to 104°F (38.9°C to 40°C) water. - Answer-C. protect the
affected part from further injury.
You receive a call to a residence for a sick patient. Upon your arrival, you find the
patient, a 53-year-old diabetic male, lying down on his front porch. His wife tells you that
he had been mowing the lawn in the heat for the past 3 hours. The patient is confused
and has hot, moist skin. His pulse is weak and thready, and his blood pressure is 90/50
mm Hg. You should:
Select one:
A. administer one tube of oral glucose and reassess his mental status.
B. perform a head-to-toe assessment and look for signs of trauma.
C. place him in a sitting position and have him drink 1 L of water.
D. load him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions. - Answer-D. load
him into the ambulance and begin rapid cooling interventions.
You respond to a local lake where a diver complains of difficulty breathing that occurred
immediately after rapidly ascending from a depth of approximately 30 feet. On
assessment, you note that he has cyanosis around his lips and has pink froth coming
from his nose and mouth. You should:
Select one:
A. suction his mouth and nose, keep him supine and elevate his legs to prevent air
bubbles from entering his brain, administer high-flow oxygen, and transport to a
hyperbaric chamber.
B. place him in a semi-sitting position, suction his mouth and nose, apply a continuous
positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, and transport to the closest emergency
department.
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