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BIO 201-Chapter 2 Test Questions and Correct Answers
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Biochemistry The study of the molecules that compose living organisms Element The simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties Trace Elements Elements that count for less then 0.02% body weight Minerals inorganic elements that are extracted from the soil by plants and assed up the ...

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  • September 13, 2024
  • 6
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • bio 201 chapter 2 test questions and correct answe
  • biochemistry the study of the molecules that comp
  • element the simplest form of matter to have uniqu

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BIO 201-Chapter 2 Test Questions and
Correct Answers
Biochemistry ✅The study of the molecules that compose living organisms

Element ✅The simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties

Trace Elements ✅Elements that count for less then 0.02% body weight

Minerals ✅inorganic elements that are extracted from the soil by plants and assed up
the food chain to humans and other organisms.

Atoms are made up of ✅Protons, Neutrons & Electrons

Protons ✅located in the nucleus of the atom, has a single positive charge

Neutrons ✅located in the nucleus of the atom, has no charge

Electrons ✅located outside the nucleus of the atom, are tiny particles with a single
negative charge and very low mass.

Valence Electrons ✅Electrons of the outermost shell of an atom

Isotopes ✅elements wich differ from one another only in number of neutrons and in
atomic mass.

radioisotopes ✅unstable isotopes

radioactivity ✅the process of decay on an isotope

ionizing radiation ✅caused by high-energy radiation, which rejects electrons from
atoms, converting atoms to ions.

Physical Half-life ✅the time required for 50% of a radioisotopes atoms to decay to a
more stable state.

Biological Half-life of a radioisotope is the ✅time required for half of it to disappear
from the body

Ions ✅are charged particles with unequal numbers of proton and electrons

anion ✅is a particle that gains electrons and acquires a negative charge

, cation ✅looses electrons and acquires a positive charge

Electrolytes ✅salts that ionize in water and form solutions capable of conducting
electricity

Free Radicals ✅Chemical properties with an odd number of electrons.

Antioxidant ✅a chemical that neutralizes free radicals

Molecules ✅chemical particles composed of 2 or more atoms united by a COVALENT
chemical bond (The sharing of electrons)

Compounds ✅molecules composed of 2 or more different elements

Isomer ✅molecules with identical molecular formulae but different arrangements of
their atoms

molecular weight (MW)of a compound is ✅the sum of the atomic weights of its atoms

A molecule is held together , and molecules are attracted to one another by forces
called ✅chemical bonds

the bonds of greatest physiological interest are ✅ionic bonds
covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds
and
Van der Walls forces

Ionic bonds ✅is the week attraction of a cation to an anion, easily disrupt in water as
when salt dissolves

Covalent bonds ✅from by the sharing of electrons between nuclei

Single Covalent bonds ✅Sharing of one electron pair

Double Covalent bonds ✅sharing of 2 electron pairs, often between carbon atoms,
carbon and oxygen or carbon and nitrogen

Non-polar Covalent bonds ✅where electrons are equally attracted to both nuclei
**Strongest type of chemical bond**

Polar Covalent bond ✅electrons are more attracted to one nucleus then to another

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