PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 101 MODULE 6 MAIN
EXAM WITH ALL REQUIRED TO PASS
1. Cells can be broken down into what two groups?: Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic
2. What type of cell contains a membrane bound nucleus, and organelles
that are specific to each cell?: Eukaryotic
3. What is the size range for Eukaryotic cells?: 10-100 micro meters
4. What is the difference between animal and plant eukaryotic cells?:
Animal cells don't have a cell wall. Plants have a rigid cell wall.
5. Can eukaryotic cells be single or multicellular?: Both
6. Which type of cell is less complex?: Prokaryotic
7. Which type of cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound
organelles?-
: Prokaryotic
8. Which type of cell is smaller?: Prokaryotic
9. What is the size range of a prokaryotic cell?: 1-5 micrometers
10.Are prokaryotic cells always single celled?: Yes
11.What 2 kingdoms are prokaryotic organisms apart of?: Bacteria and
Ar- chaea
12. What is something eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have in common?: -
Both have a plasma membrane, cytosol, and chromosomes.
13.What is the nucleoid region used for?: To store genetic information in
prokary- otes
14.True or false: If false, make it true. The nucleoid region is bound by a
membrane and does not contain bacterial chromosomes and DNA?:
False The nucleoid region is NOT bound by a membrane and DOES
contain bacterial chromosomes and DNA.
15.Bacterial chromosomes are in what shape?: Circle
16.Define plasmids: Small, circular region of DNA.
1/
, PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 101 MODULE 6 MAIN
EXAM WITH ALL REQUIRED TO PASS
17.How many plasmids do bacterial cells usually have?: Dozens
18.Which organelle can carry small amounts of genetic info and can
replicate independently of one another?: Plasmids
19.The is filled with : intracellular region
cytoplasm
20.What is the responsibility of cytoplasm: Holding ribosomes and
plasmids in the cell.
21.Are ribosomes bound by a membrane?: No
22.What is unique about bacterial ribosomes?: Their RNA and protein are
unique. This allows for the creation of antibiotics b/c they only target
the unique RNA and protein in bacteria.
23.Contents of bacterial cells are enclosed in what?: Plasma membrane
2/
, PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 101 MODULE 6 MAIN
EXAM WITH ALL REQUIRED TO PASS
24.What occurs in the plasma membrane?: Diffusion of ions/molecules
and area for metabolic functions
25. Prokaryotic cells do not
contain a which is important for
: mitochondria
aerobic respiration
26.How can a bacteria go through aerobic respiration without a mitochon-
dria?: The bacteria's plasma membrane will fold to create a space for
the chemical reactions in aerobic respiration
27.What surrounds the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells?: Cell walls
28.What is the cell wall responsible for?: Shaping cell and protection
29. What three structures can help bacteria with movement or attachment?:
Capsule, Flagella. Fimbriae
30.What can a capsule also be called?: Glycocalyx
31.Bacterial cell walls are enclosed in what?: A capsule
32.What is the function of a cell capsule?: Helps cells stick to other
cells for protection and hydration
33.What is the name of the short and spikey protein structure extending
from the cell wall?: Fimbriae.
34.What is the function of the fimbriae?: Fimbriae help the cell attach to
host cells or bacteria
35.Flagella allow the cell to do what?: They allow the cell to move
36.Give 2 examples of flagella arrangements: Across the cell and
concentrated at one point
37.What is the flagellum's motor portions anchored to?: Plasma membrane
38.What produces the rotational movement of the flagellum?: Proton
gradient
39.Explain how a flagellum causes movement in prokaryotic cells.: 1.
Elec- trons are pumped out of the cell via the electron transport
chain.
2.The electrons diffuse back into the cell generating energy
3.That energy rotates the hook which propels the cells.
40.Describe peptidoglycan: A polymer made of two sugars.
N-acetylglucosamine
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