Test Bank - Community Health Nursing Exam Questions With Correct Answers
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Course
Community Health Nursing
Institution
Community Health Nursing
Test Bank - Community Health Nursing Exam Questions With Correct Answers
A bill with the potential to decrease health care services is passed by Congress. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take to influence the bill's implications?
a. Exercise veto power by calling for petitions ...
A bill with the potential to decrease health care services is passed by Congress. Which
of the
following actions should the nurse take to influence the bill's implications?
a. Exercise veto power by calling for petitions from health care agencies.
b. Contact the regulatory agency and participate in public hearings.
c. Call members of congress to request that they rescind the legislation that was
passed.
d. Discuss the change in services with the administrators at the hospital. - Answer-ANS:
B
Once a bill is passed and becomes law, it is too late to influence congressional
members to
change their vote; however, it is not too late to influence the outcome of the vote
because the
nurse can influence how the law is regulated. An agency typically writes the regulations
that
control how the law is implemented in more specific detail. Often this process can be
just as
important as lobbying against a bill because it shapes the final implementation of the
law.
Health care agencies do not have the ability to veto a bill. After a bill has been passed it
is too
late to contact members of congress. Calling the hospital will not change the
implications of
the bill. Contact must be made with the regulatory agency in order to influence how the
law is
regulated.
/.A city has announced its plans to build a city dump near a community of poor and
predominantly African American citizens. Which of the following principles would the
nurse
be using when vocalizing opposition for this plan?
a. Environmental justice
b. Environmental epidemiology
c. Tertiary prevention
d. Risk communication - Answer-ANS: A
Environmental justice is the goal of campaigns seeking to improve the unequal burden
of
environmental risks borne by impoverished and minority communities. The
Environmental
Justice Act would be used in support of the nurse's position. Environmental
epidemiology is
,concerned with the discovery of environmental exposures that contribute or protect
against
disease or illness which is not accomplished by the nurse vocalizing opposition to the
plan.
Vocalizing opposition to the plan would not be a tertiary prevention strategy as the
nurse is
addressing a problem that does not yet exist. Risk communication includes general
principles
of good communication (right information, to the right people, at the right time). In this
scenario the nurse is vocalizing opposition, not communicating risks.
/.A client has designated someone else to make health care decisions when he or she
is unable
to do so. Which of the following methods is the client using to make health care
decisions?
a. An advance directive
b. A living will
c. A durable power of attorney
d. A Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) order - Answer-ANS: C
Durable power of attorney is the legal way for a client to designate someone else to
make
health care decisions when he or she is unable to do so. Advance directives is a broad
category that includes both living wills and durable power of attorney. A living will allows
the
client to express wishes regarding the use of medical treatments in the event of a
terminal
illness. A DNR order is a specific order from a physician not to use cardiopulmonary
resuscitation.
/.A client requests help to stop smoking. Which of the following methods would be the
best for
the nurse to suggest to the client?
a. A combination of interventions, beginning with changing the environment
b. Acupuncture to reduce the nicotine cravings
c. Behavior modification through hypnosis
d. Nicotine replacement products - Answer-ANS: A
The most effective way to get people to stop smoking and prevent relapse involves
multiple
interventions and continuous reinforcement, and most smokers require several attempts
at
cessation before they are successful. Making changes to the smoker's environment
helps by
eliminating cues to smoking, such as ash trays, lighters, and cigarette cases.
Acupncture,
behavior modification, and nicotine replacement products may all assist the client in
stopping
,smoking. However, it has been demonstrated that the most effective method involves a
combination of strategies.
/.A client states to the nurse, "I have heard the Affordable Care Act is supposed to help
improve the health care I receive, but so far I have seen no benefits from this
legislation."
Which of the following statements would be the best reply by the nurse?
a. "Maybe you have not directly seen the changes; however, several things have
changed in health care because of this bill."
b. "It will take years to see any effects from the act because of the delays in
implementation of the changes."
c. "This legislation will primarily improve care for the elderly and poor populations,
so this is why you may not have seen any benefits."
d. "The way health care operates at the federal and state levels has changed, so most
individuals will not see any direct impact." - Answer-ANS: A
It is possible that unless one has been in a situation where changes have been made,
that one
may not realize any of the effects of this law. The goal of the Affordable Care Act was to
improve the health of the nation and access care. Several changes to health care have
already
been made because of this legislation, and more changes will continue in the future.
Multiple
provisions of the act will affect individuals and families.
/.A colonist is working in the public health sector in early colonial America. Which of the
following activities would have likely been completed?
a. Establishing schools of nursing
b. Developing vaccines to administer to large numbers of people
c. Collecting vital statistics and improving sanitation
d. Developing public housing and almshouses - Answer-ANS: C
Collecting vital statistics and improving sanitation are examples of activities from the
early
colonial America. Establishing schools of nursing, developing vaccines to administer to
large
numbers of people, and developing public housing and almshouses all happened after
the
colonial period.
/.A community citizen reports to the public health nurse that the city water in one
neighborhood
has had an unusual taste for the past few months. Which of the following actions should
the
nurse take first?
a. Check the most recent consumer confidence report.
b. Consult the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
c. Notify the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
, d. Place a call to the poison control center. - Answer-ANS: A
The consumer confidence report (also known as the right-to-know report) reports the
condition of drinking water. Because this is only one citizen, whose sense of taste may
be
affected by many conditions, it would not be appropriate to overreact by calling in
governmental agencies first. Even so, in case one needed to contact an authority, it
would be
appropriate to start with local governmental agencies such as the city water department
rather
than federal agencies.
/.A community health nurse drives through her assigned community before visiting the
community groups scheduled for the day. She then drives through the community again
that
evening before going home. Which of the following best describes the nurse's reason
for
driving through the community twice in the same day?
a. On the second trip, the nurse can carefully confirm the results of the first
assessment.
b. Repeating the experience ensures that the nurse absorbed all the relevant details.
c. Driving through twice allows the nurse to see the community when many residents
are at work or at school and then again when most are at home.
d. When leaving in the evening, the nurse has more time to write down the results of
the earlier assessment. - Answer-ANS: C
When doing a windshield survey as part of community assessment, the nurse should
observe
two times: one during the day when people are at work and children are at school and a
second time in the evening after work is done and school is out. It is likely that different
things are occurring in the community when the nurse drives through the community at
different times. Therefore, it is likely that the nurse will learn more about the community
by
doing this and not necessarily confirm previous findings. If the nurse was interested in
writing
down the results of the findings, the nurse could use public transportation or ride in a
car with
another nurse driving for more efficient documentation of her findings, this would not
necessarily occur by the nurse driving through the community in the evening.
/.A community health nurse is trying to decrease the incidence of emerging infections
caused
by drug-resistant organisms. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate
for
the nurse to implement?
a. Lobby for increased use of antibiotics in the treatment and prevention of
communicable diseases.
b. Notify the Centers for Disease Control regarding any unusual signs and symptoms
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