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Exam (elaborations)

FCCN Level 2 A Grade Exam Questions & 100% Correct Answers

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FCCN Level 2 A Grade Exam Questions & 100% Correct Answers

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  • September 13, 2024
  • 34
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • FCCN
  • FCCN
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KenAli
FCCN Level 2 A Grade Exam Questions
& 100% Correct Answers
FiO2 - ✔✔fraction of inspired oxygen; the concentration of oxygen in the air we breathe



RA is 21%, maximum is 100%



lung protection FiO2 goal: maintain SpO2 target with FiO2 <60%



PEEP - ✔✔positive end-expiratory pressure, provides positive pressure to airways during
expiration and helps keep alveoli open



common mechanical ventilator setting in which airway pressure is maintained above
atmospheric pressure



disadvantages: increased thoracic pressure decreases venous return to the heart. high levels can cause
barotrauma, tension pneumo



respiratory rate - ✔✔minimum number of breaths per minute the vent will ensure your pt takes



increase the rate to blow off CO2, decrease rate to retain



tidal volume - ✔✔amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a breath. calculated
based on predicted body weight (height and gender)



6mL/kg is ideal

,minute ventilation - ✔✔tidal volume x respiratory rate



volume inspired during 1 minute



normal is 5-8L/min



pressure support - ✔✔-eases the work of breathing, helps to overcome airway resistance
of breathing through artificial airway

-cannot be used with AC or CMV

-CAN be used with SIMV

-Patient can take breaths between mandatory breaths
-used to wean from ventilator



peak airway pressure - ✔✔highest pressure recorded at the end of inspiration



SIMV - ✔✔synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation



mandatory breaths have a set tidal volume, pt initiated breaths have varying tidal volume



initial mode for ventilation or weaning mode



disadvantage: increased work of breathing and can lead to pt/vent asynchrony



AC/CMV - ✔✔Assist control or continuous mandatory ventilation



pt initiated or ventilator control breaths have set tidal volume



disadvantages: hyperventilation which may cause respiratory alkalosis or hyperinflation, less
comfortable for pt

,spontaneous (CPAP) - ✔✔used to strengthen respiratory muscles and evaluate readiness to extubate



ASV - ✔✔Adaptive support ventilation, adjusts ventilation breath by breath depending on pts lung
mechanics. If pt does not initiate breath, vent will deliver pressure control breath. if pt does take a
breath, ASV will give however much pressure support is needed to meet VT



vent alarms - ✔✔Happens when there is too much or too little pressure.



Low pressure=vent came out, apnea, disconnection, cuff leak



High pressure=pt coughs, mucous plug in the resp tract you as the nurse want to suction the pt



Make sure you perform good oral hygiene to prevent VAP



ETT suctioning - ✔✔preoxygenate prior to each pass, use sterile catheter, wear PPE, watch
for hemodynamic changes, assess lung sounds



nursing care of intubated patient - ✔✔-sedation vacation

-oral cares q2h

-GI prophylaxis

-increase HOB

-check placement of tube frequently

-move oral tubes from one side of the mouth to the other



ICU liberation bundle - ✔✔Assess and manage pain - IV opioids

Breathing/awakening trials - determine extubation readiness

Choice of analgesia and sedation - sedate to RASS goal, treat pain prior to administering analgesia

Delirium prevention - CAM screening, reorientation, avoid benzos

, Family engagement - family presence, involvement in making decisions

Goals of care - honor pt wishes



weaning criteria - ✔✔FiO2 50% or less

PEEP 10 or less

LOC acceptable

stable hemodynamics

ABGs WDL



primary pulmonary function review - ✔✔exchange of gases between ambient air and the blood



relatively dry alveoli and adequately perfused capillaries = healthy lungs



overall goal is to exhale CO2 and ensure proper oxygenation



ventilation - ✔✔movement of air in and out of the lungs



oxygenation - ✔✔the process of delivering oxygen to the blood



diffusion - ✔✔movement of gases between air spaces in lungs and bloodstream



how do we know that ventilation and/or oxygenation is less than optimal in our pts? - ✔✔-
respiratory assessment

-pulse oximetry

-ABGs

-imaging

-P/F ratio



perfusion - ✔✔movement of blood in and out of capillary beds

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