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Adult Development and Aging
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Test Bank For Adult Development and Aging 8thEdition By John C. Cavanaugh; Fredda Blanchard-Fields
5 factor model - ANSWER: Consists of five independent dimensions of personality:
CANOE
- Conscientiousness - hard working, energetic
- Agreeableness -
- Neuroticism - inscecure v. secure
- Openness to experiences
- Extraversion -
Evidence for the 5 factor model - ANSWER: Guliford Zimmerman Temperament
Survey - shows personality is stable over lifetime,
Problems may change but people are the same
Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood:
Midlife Crisis - ANSWER: The idea that at middle age we stop take a look at ourselves
and attempt to achieve a better understanding of who we are
- Very little data to support this idea
Instead call MIDLIFE CORRECTION
Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood:
Midlife correction - ANSWER: reevaluating ones roles and dreams and making the
necessary corrections to achieve them
Identity and Self:
McAdam's Life Story Model - ANSWER: Argues that people create a life story - an
internalized narrative with a beginning, middle and end.
Goal is to have a story that is coherent, credible, open to possibilities, and integrative
Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood:
Personal Concerns - ANSWER: - concerns that are explicitly contextual. Unlike
dispositional traits personal concerns likely shift due to ones situation (financial
stability, employment, death etc.)
- More concerned with what one does as opposed to who one is.
Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood:
Jung's Personality Theory
(J is in the middle) - ANSWER: - supports the idea that we have innate characteristics
- each persons personality must balance (introversion and extraversion, masculinity
and femininity)
, - BUT believes personality develops in adulthood 30's, 40's, 50's,
- developed the idea of a midlife crisis
- people begin integrating different dimensions as they enter midlife
Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood:
Ericksons Stages of Psychosocial Development
(EEE) - ANSWER: - first to develop a true lifespan theory of personality
- Erickson: Eight Stages to represent Eight Struggles to overcomes
Trust v. Mistrust - ANSWER: Stage one of Ericksons theory 0-1 yrs. Hope
- learn to trust your parent through attachment
- look for security and safety
Autonomy v. Shame/Doubt - ANSWER: Second Stage 1-3 Will
- Stage where you learn competency in your abilities and learn to do things for
oneself.
- Characterized by gross and fine motor skills
Initiative v. Guilt - ANSWER: Third Stage 3-5 Purpose
- take initiative in planning and carrying out ideas
- frustration develops if can't be independent
- can't live without parents limits, sense of guilt develops over misbehavior
Industry v. Inferiority - ANSWER: Fourth stage 5-11 Competence
- formal school years
- demands/responsibilities are imposed at school and at home
- same competency as peers
- if lacking you feel inferior
Identity v. Role Confusion - ANSWER: Fifth stage 11-18 Love
- Trying to "find oneself"
- sense of own identity but is confused about their "role" in life
Intimacy v. Isolation - ANSWER: Sixth stage 18 - 40 Love
- develop couple and relationships
- seek shared identity with partner
- if not could feel isolated from meaningful relationships
Generativity v. Stagnation - ANSWER: Seventh Stage 40 - 65 Care, Midlife
- Develop concern to help others
- Looking for purpose since kids do not need them as much
- Try and continue to play active role in community
- if not could become self centered and stagnant
Integrity v. Dispair - ANSWER: Eighth Stage 65+ Wisdom
- Accepts and finds meaning in life for what it is and has become
- reaps benefits of earlier stages
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