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TESTBANK/STUDYGUIDE FOR STAHL’S ESSENTIAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 5TH EDITION||LATEST UPDATE 2024
TESTBANK/STUDYGUIDE FOR STAHL’S ESSENTIAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 5TH EDITION||LATEST UPDATE 2024
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TESTBANK/STUDYGUIDE FOR STAHL’S ESSENTIALPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 5TH EDITION||LATEST UPDATE 2024
healthca
, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology
Neuroscientific Basis and Practical Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide
Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A client with depression mentions to the caregiver, My mother says depression is
a chemical disorder. What does she mean? The caregivers response is based on the
theorythat depression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
a. Cortisol and GABA
b. COMT and glutamate
c. Monamine and glycine
d. Serotonin and norepinephrine
ANS: D
One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of
depression. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant
role in the development of depression.
2. A client has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in
damage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the caregiver conduct to reinforce
thisdiagnosis?
a. Observing the client pick up a spoon
b. Asking the client to recite the alphabet
c. Monitoring the clients blood pressure
d. Comparing the clients grip strength in both hands
ANS: B
Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are not
controlled by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
3. The client diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are
always prescribed by the doctor. The caregivers answer will be based on information
thatthe therapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area
b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses
c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
M
,ANS: C
Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft
and have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia,
on dopamine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the
peripheral nervous system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic
medications.
4. A student caregiver mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to
strugglewith understanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic
system. The mentor would base a response on the understanding that it is:
Necessary but generally for psychiatric caregivers who focus primarily on
a. behavioral interventions
A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric caregivers frequently
b. usein their practice
Important primarily for the nursing assessment of clients with brain
c. traumacaused cognitive symptoms
Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all clients especially those
d. experiencing psychiatric disorders
ANS: D
Caregivers must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a
neurologic basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This
understanding facilitates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is not
used exclusively by advanced practice psychiatric caregivers nor is it relevant for
only behavior therapies or brain trauma since dealing with the results of normal and
abnormal brain function is a responsibility of all caregivers providing all types of
care tothe psychiatric client.
5. A client asks the caregiver, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by
herchronic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body
ANS: C
Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-releasing factors that
suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric disorders such as mood
disorders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning of the immune
system. Research does not support a connection between many cancers and stress.
There is a significant amount of research about stress and the body. Research has
shown that there are some connections between stress and physical disease.
, 6. A client who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric
rehabilitation needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the caregiver
identifyas a focus of nursing intervention?
a. Expression of emotion
b. Detecting auditory stimuli
c. Receiving visual images
d. Processing associations
ANS: D
The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information
that allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock,
dressing self, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional
expression is associated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a
temporal lobe function. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
7. At admission, the caregiver learns that some time ago the client had an infarct in
theright cerebral cortex. During assessment, the caregiver would expect to find that
the client:
a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech
b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone
d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair
ANS: B
The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles.
The right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left side
of the body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left
side of the body. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area
controls motor speech. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
8. A client with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus.
The client will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The caregiver will need
toindividualize the clients medication teaching by:
a. Including the clients caregiver in the education
b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed
Providing the education at a time when the client is emotionally calm and
c. relaxed
Encouraging the client to crush or dissolve the medication to help with
d. swallowing
ANS: A
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