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Exam study book International Humanitarian Law of Emily Crawford, Alison Pert - ISBN: 9781108727716 (Humanity)
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Summary International Humanitarian Law
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Test Bank For Humanity: An Introduction to CulturalAnthropology 11th Edition By James Peoples; Garrick
Bailey
Ethnography - ANSWER: first-had personal study of local settings, provides an
account of a particular community, society, or culture, based on fieldwork
Anthropology - ANSWER: the study of the human species and its immediate
ancestors; holistic science, study past, present , and future
4 sub-groups:
biology
society
language
culture
Holistic Science/ Holism - ANSWER: refers to the study of the whole of the human
condition: past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture
Society - ANSWER: organized life in groups
Cultures - ANSWER: traditions and customs, transmitted through learning, form and
guide the beliefs and behavior of the people exposed to them
Enculturation - ANSWER: learn culture by growing up in a particular society, learn
traditions including customs and opinions, the process by which a child learns his or
her culture
Adaptation - ANSWER: the process by which organisms cope with environmental
forces and stresses, such as those posed by climate and topography or terrains, also
called landforms
Topography - ANSWER: terrains
Food Production - ANSWER: the cultivation of plants and domestications of animals,
originated 12,000-10,000 years ago
General Anthropology/ Four Field Anthropology - ANSWER: academic discipline of
anthropology, includes four main subdisciplines or subfield:
sociocultural
archaeological
biological
linguistic
, Cultural Anthropology/ Sociocultural Anthropology - ANSWER: the study of human
society and culture, the subfield that describes, analyzes, interprets, and explains
social and cultural similarities and differences
Biocultural - ANSWER: the inclusion and combination of both biological and cultural
perspectives and approaches to comment on or solve a particular issue or problem
Ethnology - ANSWER: examines, compares, analyzes, and interprets the results of an
ethnography, based on cross cultural comparison
Archeological Anthropology/ "Archeology" - ANSWER: reconstructs, describes, and
interprets human behavior and cultural patterns through material remains
Ecology - ANSWER: the study of interrelations among living things in an environment
Ecosystem - ANSWER: a patterned arrangement of energy flows and exchanges
Paleoecology - ANSWER: looks at the ecosystem of the past
Biological or Physical Anthropology - ANSWER: focus on human biological diversity in
time and space, five special interests within biological anthropology:
1) human evolution as revealed by the fossil record (paleoanthropology)
2) human genetics
3) human growth and development
4) human biological plasticity (the body's ability to change as it copes with stresses,
such as heat, cold, and altitude)
5) the biology, evolution, behavior, and social life of monkeys, apes, and other non-
human primates
Linguistic Anthropology - ANSWER: studies language in a social and cultural context,
across space and over time
Sociolinguistics - ANSWER: investigates relationships between social and linguistic
variation
Science - ANSWER: a systematic field of study or body of knowledge that dims,
through experiment, observation, and deduction, to produce reliable explanations of
phenomena with reference to the material and physical world
Applied Anthropology/ Practicing Anthropology - ANSWER: the application of
anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and
solve contemporary social problems
Medical Anthropology - ANSWER: examines how and why various diseases, illnesses,
and health conditions affect particular populations and how illness is socially
constructed, diagnosed, managed, and treated in various societies
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