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Memmler's The Human Body in Health and Disease

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Memmler's The Human Body in Health and Disease

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  • September 13, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Test Bank For Memmler's The Human Body in Health and
Disease, Enhanced Edition 14th Edition By Barbara Janson
Cohen; Kerry L. Hull
Differentiate between anatomy & physiology. - ANSWER:Anatomy is a study of the
physical structure of an organism, while physiology involves the study of the
functions

Explain how anatomy & physiology are interrelated. - ANSWER:An understanding of
anatomy is critical to the study of physiology, and learning about physiology is
important to people who want to understand how anatomical structures work

Define homeostasis. - ANSWER:Keeping things constant; maintaining stable
conditions

Explain how homeostasis and health are maintained by a system of positive or
negative feedback - ANSWER:Positive feedback creates more of a change, negative
feedback reverses change

Give examples of positive feedback. - ANSWER:Blood clotting, child birth

Give examples of negative feedback. - ANSWER:Insulin, thermometer

What occurs when homeostasis is not maintained? - ANSWER:Hypothermia,
heatstroke

Describe the structural organization of the human body from the molecular level to
the body as a whole. - ANSWER:Molecules, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems, Organism

Molecular level - ANSWER:Atoms combine to form molecules

Cellular level - ANSWER:Cells are made up of molecules

Tissue level - ANSWER:Tissues consist of similar types of cells

Organ level - ANSWER:Organs are made up of different types of tissues

Body System level - ANSWER:Organ systems consist of different organs that work
together closely

Organism level - ANSWER:The human organism is made up of many organ systems.

The reference position for all body directional terms, with the body standing upright,
facing forward, arms at the sides with palms forward, and feet parallel is described
as ______________ position. - ANSWER:Anatomical

, Transverse (horizontal or axial) - ANSWER:divides into superior & inferior

Frontal (coronal) - ANSWER:divides into anterior & posterior

Sagittal - ANSWER:divides into right & left sides


Superior (cephalic/cranial) - ANSWER:Above or upper, nearer to head

Inferior (caudal) - ANSWER:Below, lower, nearer to tail

Anterior (ventral) - ANSWER:Towards front

Posterior (dorsal) - ANSWER:Towards back

Medial - ANSWER:Middle, nearer to the midline

Lateral - ANSWER:Further from midline, towards side

Proximal - ANSWER:Close; nearer to origin or point of reference

Distal - ANSWER:Distant; further from origin or point of reference

Superficial (peripheral) - ANSWER:Shallow, not very deep

Deep - ANSWER:Further from body surface or more internal

Central - ANSWER:Center of body

Peripheral - ANSWER:Outer region of body

Describe body cavities and be prepared to explain their application. -
ANSWER:Internal spaces in body; contain and protect organs

Dorsal - ANSWER:back/posterior; contains cranial & spinal cavities

Ventral - ANSWER:front/anterior; contains thoracic (pleural>lungs, pericardial>heart)
and abdominal pelvic cavity (abdominal cavity>liver, gallbladder, stomach, intestine,
kidneys, pancreas, spleen) & (pelvic cavity (urinary bladder, rectums, internal
reproductive organs)

Describe and label the abdominal quadrants and be prepared to explain their
application. Identify organs contained in each quadrant. - ANSWER:Upper right
(RUQ)
Upper left(LUQ)

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