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Chemical Bonds and Structres
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,↓ Under normal conditions no other element exists as anindependant atom in
nature except nobel
gas
.
.
2 The force various constituent (atom
attractive which holds ,
ions etc. )
together
in different Chemical Species is called a chemical bond .
.
3 Kernel-nucleus + inner elections -
.
4 Lewis postulated that atoms acheive the Stable octet linked
when they are
by Chemical bonds
.
.
5
In formation of a molecule , only the outer shell electrons take part in
chemical combination and known
they are as Valence elections
.
6 The Valence is of Valence 8 Valence e
group no or minus
In
.
7
periodic table ,
the
highly electronegative halogens and the
highly
electropositive alkali metal are
separated by nobel
gas
.
9
Ne
11
F Na
.
8 The bond formed as a result of electrostatic attraction bu the tre -ve
,
fermed
was as the electrovalent bond .
The electrovalence is this equal to the
number of unit
charges) on the ion
, 9 Kossel-Lewis is based inertness of nobel
approach on
gas
.
10 .
Kissel & Lewis electronic theory of Chemical bonding States that atoms
Share or wansfer the Valence electron to acheive octet in Valence Shell -
1
Langmuir refined the Lewis postulation by adondoning the idea of the
Stationary Cubical
arrangement of Octet by introducing the term "covalent bond"
12 .
Conditions to form covalent bond :
i) Bond is formed as a result ofShaving pair
ii) Ambining atom Cubibutes at least one electron
to the shared pair
↓ for ' iii) They attain nobel
gas config
.
6-a -
1(k) = o
13. in least electronegative the central position
general atom Obtain .
Formal
Totalnoof non
14 Total of
[Total
Charge
·
:
no -
,
-
Valence e in
free atom
15 .
Generally the lowest energy stucture is the one with the smallest
formal charges on atom
16 Formal
Charges assume covalent bord (no Ionic character)
.
pure
:
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