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gi pathologies Exam | QUESTIONS with 100% Solutions
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gi pathologies Exam | QUESTIONS with 100% Solutions
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gi pathologies Exam | QUESTIONS with100% Solutions
tracheoesophageal fistula
-congenital
-abnormal or surgically made passage between trachea and esophagus
tracheoesophageal fistula on x-ray
contrast seen in esophagus and trachea
esophageal varices
dilated veins in the wall of esophagus - can be result of liver cirrhosis
esophageal varices on x-ray
seen best in trendelenburg - going against flow of gravity
hiatal hernia
stomach is in thoracic cavity - herniates through diaphragm
hiatal hernia on x-ray
part of stomach seen above diaphragm
GERD
chronic reflux of gastric acid from the stomach into esophagus
GERD on x-ray
-ulcers/erosion
-slow esophageal peristalsis
-dilation of esophagus
barrett's esophagus
severe esophagitis from long term reflux - normal lining of lower esophagus destroyed and
replaced by columnar epithelium
, barrett's esophagus on x-ray
smooth - striated mucosa
smooth tapered structure
schatzki ring
tissue forms ring inside esophagus
schatzki ring on x-ray
narrowing close to cardiac sphincter usually associated with hiatal hernia
esophageal diverticulitis
outpouching that herniates through the muscular layer
esophageal diverticulitis on x-ray
contrast filling pouches extending out of the outer layer of esophagus
zenker diverticula
muscle dividing the throat from esophagus fails to relax during swallowing
zenker diverticula on x-ray
large outpouching in upper esophagus
esophageal polyp
benign inpouching of esophageal wall, can cause dysphagia
esophageal polyp on x-ray
dilated esophagus - filling defects showing mass (MRI/CT better)
esophageal cancer
cancer cells form in esophageal tissue and cause dysphagia
esophageal cancer on x-ray
apple-core appearance, erosion, thickening of esophageal wall, and dilated proximal esophagus
gastritis
inflammation of stomach lining, caused by corrosive agents, alcohol, H pylori
gastritis on x-ray
thickened mucosal folds
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