-located in bones and teeth (85%), intracellular fluid (blood-14%), extracellular fluid (vitamin D- 1%)
-may have low levels of phosphate in the blood while having normal phosphate stores in bone/teeth/etc.
-absorbed from food in the presence of Vitamin D
Phosphorus Functions ANS -maintains acid-base balance as a hydrogen buffer
-PROMOTES ENERGY STORAGE IN THE FORM OF ATP
-bone and teeth formation
-regulation of hormone and coenzyme activity
-role in muscle, white, and red blood cell function
Phosphorus Regulation ANS -readily absorbed in the GI tract (10% excreted by GI)
-certain conditions cause phosphorus to move in and out cells, which affects serum levels
-insulin and alkalosis cause phosphorus to move into cells
-excreted or reabsorbed mostly by kidneys as influences by PTH (PTH increases Ca)
PTH release: PTH DECREASES PHOSPHORUS
-tells bones to release phosphorus and intestines to increase absorption
-tells kidneys to INCREASE EXCRETION OF PHOSPHORUS
-RECALL: PTH release tells the kidneys to reabsorb calcium
-Therefore: calcium and phosphorus have an INVERSE RELATIONSHIP
Hypophosphatemia (low phosphate) ANS Serum level below 2.5 mg/dL
Causes:
-refeeding of patients after starvation
-vitamin D deficiency
-use of diuretics and phosphorus binding antacids
-diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
-hyperparathyroidism: INCREASES Ca, DECREASES Pho
-diarrhea
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