CVRN PRACTICE QUESTIONS 2024/2025 WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS |VERIFIED
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Course
CVRN
Institution
CVRN
Pulmonary edema - ACCURATE ANSWERS Nitroglycerin - reduce preload
loop diuretic - promote diuresis and venodilation
morphine - reduce anxiety
ACE inhibitors - reduce afterload
Ventricular tachycardia - ACCURATE ANSWERS 3 or more ventricular contractions in a row at a rate of 100-200 bpm.
D...
Ventricular tachycardia - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ 3 or more
ventricular contractions in a row at a rate of 100-200 bpm.
Defibrillate if patient is unconscious or unstable
,Cardiac tamponade - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ S/S: decresed chest
tube drainage, muffled heart sounds, tachycardia, pulsus paradoxus, and
decreased urinary output.
if chest tube is kinked/blocked you can milk it but not strip it.
cardiac ischemia - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ characterized by
inverted T waves
(ST segment will elevate as heart muscle is damaged and elevated
symmetrical T waves will form)
Q wave MI - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Q or QS waves develop as
repolarization is altered or absent
Q wave changes are usually permanent
Pericardities - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ sudden onset of intermittent
substernal pain that refers to the neck, arm, and back
angina pain - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ related to exertion and lasts
5-15 min.
Felt substernal or retrosternal, radiating across the chest and sometimes
in the neck, arm, and jaw.
Myocardial pain - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ lasts over 15 min and
occurs spontaineously or after unstable angina
, It is substernal or over the pericardium with possible spread across the
shoulders and hands
Anxiety pain - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ lasts 2-3 min
tends to occur across the chest and not radiate
possible numbness in the hands and mouth
Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ A ratio
derived by dividing the ankle blood pressure by the brachial blood
pressure; this calculation is used to assess the vascular status of the
lower extremities. To obtain the ABI, a blood pressure cuff is applied to
the lower extremities just above the malleoli. The systolic pressure is
measured by Doppler ultrasound at both the dorsalis pedis and posterior
tibial pulses. The higher of these two pressures is then divided by the
higher of the two brachial pulses.
>1.2 - possible calcification in vessel walls
1-1.2 - Normal
.9-.99 - acceptable
.8-.89 - some arterial disease
0.5-0.79 - moderate arterial disease (intermittent claudication)
<0.5 - severe disease, ischemia
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