Class notes
Lutz's Nutrition and Diet Therapy Chapter one: Nutrition
- Course
- Science of Nutrition 312-502
- Institution
- University Of Akron
notes for chapter one of the book Lutz's Nutrition and Diet Therapy
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Chapter one: Nutrition in Human HealthThursday, September 12, 2024 2:54 PM
The language of nutrition Disease prevention
• Nutrition • Primary prevention
- Science of food and its relationship to health - Avert occurrence of disease
• Health - Prevent medical conditions and diseases caused by
- State of complete well-being nutrient deficiencies
- Not merely absence of disease or infirmity - Maintains body weight is a primary prevention strategy
• Anemia • Secondary prevention
- Iron deficiency - Monitoring techniques to discover diseases early
- Most prevalent nutritional deficiency world wide • Tertiary prevention
Nutrients - Treatment after a disease has occurred
• Nutrients definition Functional foods
- Nutrients are the chemical substances supplied • Physiologically active substances
by food that the body needs for growth, maintenance, and repair - Phytochemical
• Classes -found in plant foods, especially spices, fruits and vegetables s
- Carbohydrates (often abbreviated as CHO for carbon, hydrogen, -there are thousands of phytochemicals and are thought to act
And oxygen) as antioxidants
- Fats (Lipids) -regular consumption may help prevent cell damage in
- Proteins humans, possible playing a role in disease prevent or
- Minerals treatment
- Vitamins - Animal
- Water - Microbial
• Essentially • Definition of functional foods
- Essential - Whole Foods along with fortified, enriched, or enhanced foods
-One that the human body requires but cannot manufacture that have a potentially beneficial effect on health when
In sufficient amounts to meet bodily needs consumer as part of a varied diet on angular basis at effective
-Essential nutrients must be supplied by foods in the diet levels based on significant standards of evidence
-Vitamin C, A, and calcium are 3 of the more 40 essential nutrients • Categories of functional foods
- Nonessential -conventional foods (Whole Foods ) ; blueberries, cranberry
-Are not needed in the diet because the body can make them from juice, green tea, mushrooms, some nuts, oatmeal as part of a
Other substances healthy diet, tomatoes, cruciferous vegetables: broccoli,
-Amino acid alanine is a nonessential nutrient cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts
- Conditionally essential -Modified foods, fortified; omega-3 fatty acids in eggs and
-are those that, under most circumstances a healthy body can margarines
manufacture in sufficient quantities -synthesized food ingredients; oligosaccharides functioning as
-Certain situations of physiological status and disease, the body prebiotics
Cannot produce optimal amounts • Functional foods- bioactive components-health benefit
-Amino acid tyrosine is an conditionally essential nutrient -apples, tea, onions ; flavonoids ; prevents cardiovascular
• Functions disease
- Source of energy -berries ; polyphenols ; protection against cancer through
-Defined in the physical science as the capacity to do work abilities to counteract, reduce and repair damage from
-Energy exists in a variety of forms, such as electric, thermal(heat), oxidative stress and inflammation
chemical, Mechanical, and nuclear -Cruciferous vegetables; isothiocyanates ; reduction of
-All food enters the body as chemical energy prostate cancer risk
-body process the chemical energy of food and coverts it into other -oats; beta-glucan(soluble fiber); reduction of blood
energy forms (Ex; chemical energy is transformed into electric signals in cholesterol levels
nerves and into mechanical energy in muscles) -Purple grape juice or red win; resveratrol; reduction of heart
- Growth and maintenance of tissues disease risk by decreasing blood platelet aggregation
-Nutrients provide the raw material for building body structures and they -soy products; isoflavones; reduction of incidence of hormone
participate in the growth and maintenance of necessary tissues related cancers
-Water, proteins, fats, and minerals are the nutrient classes that
contribute in a major way to building body structure
Nutritional genomics
- Regulation of body processes
• Human genetic code
-nutrients control or regulate chemical processes in the body (Ex; certain
- 23 pairs of chromosomes
minerals and proteins help regulate how water is distributed in the body)
-contain genes
-vitamins are necessary in the series of reactions involved in generating
-provides the information needed by the body to
energy
function and may contain variations that may
-vitamins themselves are not energy sources; however if the body lacks a
predispose someone to an increased chance of
particular vitamin, it will not produce energy efficiently
developing a health condition such as diabetes or
Body composition cancer
• Nutrient intake can affect body - Epigenetics
composition which, in turn, can affect -the process that regulates how and when genes are
health turned on and off
-the human body is composed of five types -may occur in response to internal factors(hormones
of substances; Water, Protein, Fat, Ash and enzymes) and external or environmental
(Mineral content as in the skeleton), factors(radiation, chemicals, and diet)
Science of nutrition Page 1
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller nsj20. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
73918 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now