Sociology in Action Exam #1 with
complete solutions 2024/2025
Sociology - ANSWER- study of how individuals both shape and are shaped by
society
Origin and Current Uses - ANSWER- understand and address social issues,
industrial revolution, and critical thinking and problem solving
Comte - ANSWER- coined the term sociology
The Sociological Eye - ANSWER- deeper meanings of
situations and patterns; awareness helps promote social change
Sociological Imagination - ANSWER- connect personal experience to patterns,
relationship between individuals and society, and need to understand both
Sociological Imagination: Fallacy of Individualistic Perspective - ANSWER-
people succeed or fail on their own, fails to account for environmental factors,
and opportunities not equal for all
Scientific Discipline - ANSWER- - Study how society works
- Follow scientific rules
Theoretical Perspectives - ANSWER- -ways of viewing the world
-make sense of social patterns
The Scientific Research Process - ANSWER- -collect and analyze data
-follow scientific rules
-be transparent
The Scientific Method - ANSWER- observation, theory, prediction, and evidence
, Steortypes - ANSWER- -negative, predetermined ideas about groups
-justifies discriminatory treatment
-not based on evidence
Good Generalizations - ANSWER- -Based on research
-Describe, not judge
-Descriptions change with new data
Two Core Commitments - ANSWER- - use the sociological eye to observe social
patterns
- take action to challenge those patterns
Social Patterns - ANSWER- - Notice and understand patterns
-Use patterns for personal advantages
-Influence social change
Assumptions - ANSWER- are ideas we feel have been established strongly
enough that we can assume they are always true. Therefore, we do not have to
reprove them each time we test a hypothesis
Bias - ANSWER- is prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group
compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair
Sociology and Democracy - ANSWER- -more informed voters
-real information versus fake news
-sociologically informed public necessary
Sociology and Careers - ANSWER- -sociological knowledge useful for careers
-understand people and social forces
Social Institution - ANSWER- are a set of patterned and relatively enduring
strategies for dealing with one or more important social needs
examples of social institutions - ANSWER- family, economics, religion, education,
and state
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