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Honors Biology Cancer Exam | 127 Questions with correct Answers
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Honors Biology Cancer Exam | 127 Questions with correct Answers
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Honors Biology Cancer Exam | 127 Questionswith correct Answers
How do the physical properties of cancerous cells lead to uncontrolled growth? -
✔✔Abnormal DNA interferes with cell growth. Since the cells are irregularly shaped and
clumped together, it is difficult for them to recognize that they are growing out of control.
Stem Cells - ✔✔Cells that are undifferentiated and have no specific structure or function.
They can become any type of body cell. They have all the available chromosomes.
What is the order of the stages of a cell's life? - ✔✔Gap 1, Synthesis, Gap 2, Mitosis
Gap 1 - ✔✔The first part of interphase in which the cell grows, functions, and prepares to
replicate its DNA.
Synthesis - ✔✔The second part of interphase in which the cell replicates its DNA.
Gap 2 - ✔✔The third part of interphase in which the cell synthesizes its organelles, continues
to grow, and prepares for division.
G0 - ✔✔A nondividing state a cell enters if it exits the cell cycle.
Can cells reenter the cell cycle from G0? - ✔✔Sometimes, it depends on the cell.
When during the cell cycle does a cell enter G0? Why is this the optimal time for the cell to
enter G0? - ✔✔At the end of G1. The cell is fully grown, has one set of DNA, is not nearing
mitosis, and is functioning normally.
, Why would a cell enter G0? - ✔✔Differentiation (becoming a specialized cell) or if it is
damaged (so it won't pass on its damaged DNA).
Which stage of interphase does ultraviolet light affect? - ✔✔G1
Why is it beneficial for a damaged cell to enter G0? - ✔✔It prevents the cell from replicating
and producing more damaged cells.
Somatic Cells - ✔✔Body cells (not sex cells).
Multipotent - ✔✔Stem cells that can differentiate into many different types of cells.
Pluripotent - ✔✔Stem cells that can differentiate into almost all types of cells.
What do transcription factors determine? - ✔✔Transcription factors determine how a cell
looks and what it can do.
Transcription factors - ✔✔Proteins that determine which genes will be activated (transcribed
into specific proteins). They turn on/off different genes to make the cell differentiate.
Internal Cues in Cell Specialization - ✔✔Transcription factors present in the cytoplasm.
Where can stem cells be found? - ✔✔Developing embryos and specific parts of the body
(muscles, skin, liver, bone marrow).
What are 2 external cues that can influence cell specialization? - ✔✔Temperature and cell
signaling.
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