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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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CAMPBELL BIOLOGY EXAM #2QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Function of Vacuole - Answer-Digestion, storage, waste,...
Function of Peroxisome - Answer-Contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen to water
which produces hydrogen peroxide
Function of Lysosome - Answer-Breakdown of ingested substances
Function of Golgi Apparatus - Answer-Modification of proteins
Resolution - Answer-the minimum distance of two distinguishable points
Magnification - Answer-the ratio of an object's image size to its real size
Cell fractionation - Answer-takes cells apart and separates the major organelles from
one another
Prokaryotic Cells are characterized by having: - Answer--No Nucleus
-DNA in an unbound region called the nucleoid
-No membrane-bound organelles
-Cytoplasm bound by the plasma membrane
Eukaryotic Cells are characterized by having: - Answer--DNA in a nucleus that is
bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope
-Membrane-bound organelles
-Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and nucleus
General Structure of a biological membrane - Answer-A double layer of phospholipids
Ribosomes. What do they do? Where? - Answer--Carry out protein synthesis in two
locations:
-In the cytosol (free ribosomes)
- On the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Components of the endomembrane system - Answer--Nuclear envelope
-Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
-Golgi apparatus
-Lysosomes
-Vacuoles
-Plasma membrane
,Plasma Membrane - Answer-A selective barrier (semi-permeable) that allows sufficient
passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell
Endoplasmic reticulum - Answer-Accounts for more than half of the total membrane in
many eukaryotic cells
The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope.
Smooth ER - lacks ribosomes, synthesis of lipids
Rough ER -ribosomes studding its surface, synthesis of secretory and other proteins.
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts - Answer--Are not part of the endomembrane system
-Have a double membrane
-Have proteins made by free ribosomes
-Contain their own DNA**(led to endosymbiont theory)
What type of cells is Mitochondria found in? - Answer-Eukaryotic cells
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
A) DNA.
B) a cell wall.
C) a plasma membrane.
D) ribosomes.
E) an endoplasmic reticulum. - Answer-Answer: E
Topic: Concept 6.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Mitochondria are the sites of... - Answer-aerobic cellular respiration, a metabolic
process that generates ATP
Chloroplasts.
Found in?
What happens there? - Answer-Found in plants and algae
Site of photosynthesis
In a plant cell, DNA may be found
A) only in the nucleus.
B) only in the nucleus and mitochondria.
C) only in the nucleus and chloroplasts.
D) in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.
E) in the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and peroxisomes. - Answer-Answer: D
Topic: Concept 6.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
, Chloroplast structure includes: - Answer--Thylakoids, membrane sacs, stacked to form
a granum : light dependent reactions.
-Stroma, the internal fluid: Calvin Cycle = light independent reactions.
17) Which organelle or structure is absent in plant cells?
A) mitochondria
B) Golgi vesicles
C) microtubules
D) centrosomes
E) peroxisomes - Answer-Answer: D
Topic: Concept 6.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Peroxisomes - Answer--Specialized metabolic compartments bounded by a single
membrane
-Produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water (oxidation)
-Oxidative organelles
55) Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is true?
A) The dynamic aspect of cytoskeletal function is made possible by the assembly and
disassembly of a large variety of proteins into complex aggregates.
B) Microfilaments are structurally rigid and resist compression, whereas microtubules
resist tension (stretching).
C) Movement of cilia and flagella is the result of motor proteins causing microtubules to
move relative to each other.
D) Chemicals that block the assembly of the cytoskeleton would cause little effect on
the cell's response to external signals and stimuli.
E) Transport vesicles among the membranes of the endomembrane system produce
the cytoskeleton. - Answer-Answer: C
Topic: Concept 6.6
Skill: Application/Analysis
Cytoskeleton. Where? Composed of? Help to...? - Answer--A network of fibers
extending throughout the cytoplasm
-Composed of three types of molecular structures (allow movement):
-Microtubules - thickest of the three
-Microfilaments - also called actin filaments, thinnest
-Intermediate filaments - fibers w/ diameter in a middle range
- Help to support the cell and maintain its shape
47) Movement of vesicles within the cell depends on what cellular structures?
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