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CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 10TH EDITION CH 4, 5, 6 EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 10TH EDITION CH 4, 5, 6 EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 10TH EDITIONCH 4, 5, 6 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Tissues - Answer-A group of specialized cells that perform a particular function
Plant cells contain: - Answer-Cell wall; chloroplasts; central vacuole
Stanley Miller's experiment in 1953 confirmed: - Answer-Organic molecules can be
made from non living molecules
Abiotic synthesis - Answer-Creating organic molecules from non living materials
Carbon - Answer-Can make four covalent (unusual) bonds to fill outer shell to 8
Hydrogen valence - Answer-=1
Oxygen valence - Answer-=2
Nitrogen valence - Answer-=3
Carbon valence - Answer-=4
C2H6 - Answer-H H
||
H-C-C-H
||
HH
Double bonds - Answer-Share the carbons
Triple bonds - Answer-are possible between two carbons
Structural Isomer - Answer-Same molecular formula, different structure-makes them
different chemicals
Cis-trans Isomer - Answer-Carbon to carbon double bonds
Cis-Isomer - Answer-Carbon bonds to other molecules from the same side; nature
prefers
Trans-Isomer - Answer-Carbon bonds to other molecules one on either side
, Enantiomer - Answer-Mirror image isomers; asymmetric carbon (carbon with 4 different
groups attached to it
Functional groups - Answer-Chemical groups that attach to the carbon skeletons of
organic molecules to participate in chemical reactions
Hydroxyl group - Answer--OH; alcohol, polar, soluble in water
Carbonyl group - Answer->C=O; Keytones/Aldehydes, depending on location of group
Carboxyl group - Answer--C=O ; Acts as an acid (Carb and Oxyl from
\ Hydroxyl and Carbonyl) Covalent bond
OH between O2 and H is so polar
Amino group - Answer-H ; Acts as a base; reduce concentration
-N< of iron in a solution
H
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - Answer-Energy molecule; consists of adenosine
attached to three phosphate groups; can react with water; forming inorganic phosphate
and ADP (adenosine diphosphate). This reaction releases energy that can be used by
the cell.
Most biologically large molecules - Answer-are polymers
Polymers are: - Answer-Carbohydrates; proteins; nucleic acids
Monomers - Answer-String together smaller molecules
Dehydration reaction - Answer-Synthesizing a polymer
Hydrolysis - Answer-Breaking down a polymer
Monosaccharides - Answer-Monomers for carbohydrates; one sugar; glucose, fructrose;
fuel; carbon sources that can be converted to other molecules or combined into
polymers.
Amino acids - Answer-String together amino acids=proteins
Nucleotides - Answer-String together for nucleic acids
Polysaccharides - Answer-Have many sugars attached; is a carbohydrate; cellulose
(plants); starch (plants); glycogen (animals); chitin (animals and fungi)
Disaccharides - Answer-Is a carbohydrate; have two sugars; lactose, sucrose; fuel;
carbon sources that can be converted to other molecules or combined into polymers.
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