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CMB2001 Questions and Answer | Latest Update 2024/2025
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Eukaryotic promoters have a basal region which can contain a TATA box, initiator (Lnr), BRE (TFIIV recognition element) and what other element? ~~> Downstream core promoter (DPE) In prokaryotes RNA polymerase requires what co-factor? ~~> 70 sigma factor Forms the holoenzyme The prom...

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  • September 15, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




CMB2001 Questions and Answer |
Latest Update 2024/2025
Eukaryotic promoters have a basal region which can contain a TATA box,

initiator (Lnr), BRE (TFIIV recognition element) and what other element?


✓ ~~> Downstream core promoter (DPE)




In prokaryotes RNA polymerase requires what co-factor?


✓ ~~> 70 sigma factor

Forms the holoenzyme




The promoter is formed of two hexameric sequences at what positions?


✓ ~~> -35 and -10




The amount of product transcribed is dependant on how close the promoter

sequences are to what?


✓ ~~> Consensus sequence




CPG islands are located near promoters, if the cysteine residues are

methylated are genes turned on or off?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 2 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


✓ ~~> Off

Hypomethylation = turned on




UAS is interchangeable with what term which increases transcription?


✓ ~~> Enhancer

URS = silencer




What is an example of a reporter gene which can help analyse gene

expression and how strong a promoter is?


✓ ~~> Lac-Z




What does RNA polymerase I transcribe?


✓ ~~> rRNA (nucleolus)




What does RNA polymerase II transcribe?


✓ ~~> mRNA, snRNA, miRNA

12 subunit complex




What does RNA polymerase III transcribe?




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 3 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


✓ ~~> tRNA 5s RNA, U6 RNA, 7S RBA




Where do the general transcription factors bind in eukaryotes to recruit RNA

polymerase II?


✓ ~~> Over the TATA box




TFIID binds the TATA box and recruits what?


✓ ~~> TFIIA




TFIID, then TFIIA, the next factor binds and recruits RNA polymerase II and TFIIF

what is it?


✓ ~~> TFIIB




After the recruitment of TFIIF with RNA polymerase what are the last two

factors to bind?


✓ ~~> TFIIE then TFIIH

This whole complex = the pre initiation complex




Which subunit has helicase activity to unwind the start site to start unwinding

the DNA? After promoter melting




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 4 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+


✓ ~~> TFIIH

Uses ATP hydrolysis




After RNA polymerase transcribes and clears the promoter what is

hyperphosphorylated?


✓ ~~> The C-terminal domain




TFIIH has two parts ATPase called XPB which causes promoter melting, CORE

region and what other region?


✓ ~~> CAK - the kinase that phosphorylates the C- terminal domain




TFIID has a trilobular structure and binds the TATA box, what other factors bind

to it?


✓ ~~> TATA binding protein (TBP is the main subunit), TBP associated

factors (TAFs) = interact with elements which bind to the promoter

region

TAF6 = DPE




Promoters with only the basal or core regions will only have low levels of

transcription, enhancer elements can increase the level of transcription.




Master01 | September, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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