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Neuroscience Exam 1 questions with correct answers.
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Neuroscience Exam 1 questions withcorrect answers.
ANS -
What makes up the central nervous system? ANS -Brain and spinal cord
What makes up the peripheral nervous system? ANS -CN and ganglia
Spinal nerves and ganglia
Enteric nervous system
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
What are the 5 steps of embryological development of the nervous system? ANS -Neurulation
Cell proliferation
Migration and aggregation
Formation of axonal and dendritic processes
Synatopgenesis
What is neurulation? ANS -Formation of the neural crest and neural tube
(1st step of nervous system development)
,What is the 2nd step of nervous system development? ANS -Cell proliferation within the nerual tube
What is the 3rd step of nervous system development? ANS -Migration and aggregation of cells within
definitive locations
What is the 4th step of nervous system development? ANS -Formation and axonal and dendritic
processes
What is synatopgenesis? ANS -Connections between nerve cell to nerve cells or muscle cells (final step
of nervous system development)
On day 14, the embryo undergoes gasturlation and forms the building blocks of our nervous system.
What are the 3 parts to this ? ANS -Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
The entire nervous system is derived from what structure? ANS -Embryonic ectoderm
What is the embryo called at day 14 of development? day 21? and day 28? ANS -Gastrula
Notochord
Neural tube
The nerual crest cells form most of what nervous system? ANS -Peripheral nervous system
,What are some deficits or concerns of embryological development of the nervous system? ANS -Failure
of posterior neruopore to close- spina bifida
Failure of anterior neruopore to close- anencephaly
What is anencephaly? ANS -Failure of anterior neruopore to close during embryological development
Describe the subdivisions, derivates and cavities of the prosencephalon, that develops during stage 1;
neurulation ANS -Subdivisions: Telencephalon and Diencephalon
Derivates --> Cavities:
Rhinoencephalon --> Lateral ventrical
Thalmus, hypothalmus, optic nerves, neruophyophysis, pineal gland --> third ventricle
Describe the subdivisions, derivates and cavities of the mesencephalon, that develops during stage 1;
neurulation ANS -Subdivisions: Mesencephalon
Derivates: Midbrain
Cavities: Cerebral aquaduct
Describe the subdivisions, derivates and cavities of the rhombencephalon, that develops during stage 1;
neurulation ANS -Subdivisions: Metencephalon and Myelencephalon
Derivates: Cerebellum, pons and medula
Cavities: Fourth ventricle
, Describe the subdivisions, derivates and cavities of the primitve nerual tube, that develops during stage
1; neurulation ANS -Subdivisions: Neural crest and tube
Derivates --> Cavities: Nerual tube --> spinal cord --> central canal
Nerual crest --> Peripheral nerve ganglia
What are the 2 primary flexures that help contain and align the neural tube within the closed skull ANS -
Cephalic flexure (1st to develop)
Cervical flexure (2nd to develop)
What divides the neural tube into a ventral and dorsal half? ANS -Sulcus limitans
What is the dorsal portion of the neural tube called when the sulcus limitans divides the tube in half
during cell proliferation? ANS -Alar plate
The alar plate is the future site for what tracts? ANS -Sensory neurons and tracts
What is the ventral portion of the neural tube called when the sulcus limitans divides the tube in half
during cell proliferation? ANS -Basilar plate
(future site for efferent more portion)
What are the 3 layers the neural tube divides into during cell proliferation? ANS -Ependymal or germinal
layer (lining of central canal and ventricles)
Intermediate or mantle layer
(gray matter of spinal cord)
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