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APUSH Full Review questions and answers
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APUSH Full Review questions and answers
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APUSH Full Review questions and answersMayflower Compact - 1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America.
It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the
Plymouth colony.
William Bradford - A Pilgrim, the second governor of the Plymouth colony, 1621-
1657. He developed private land ownership and helped colonists get out of debt.
He helped the colony survive droughts, crop failures, and Indian attacks.
Pilgrims and Puritans contrasted - The Pilgrims were separatists who believed that
the Church of England could not be reformed. Separatist groups were illegal in
England, so the Pilgrims fled to America and settled in Plymouth. The Puritans
were non-separatists who wished to adopt reforms to purify the Church of
England. They received a right to settle in the Massachusetts Bay area from the
King of England.
Massachusetts Bay Colony - 1629 - King Charles gave the Puritans a right to settle
and govern a colony in the Massachusetts Bay area. The colony established
political freedom and a representative government.
Cambridge Agreement - 1629 - The Puritan stockholders of the Massachusetts Bay
Company agreed to emigrate to New England on the condition that they would
have control of the government of the colony.
,APUSH Full Review questions and answers
Puritan migration - Many Puritans emigrated from England to America in the
1630s and 1640s. During this time, the population of the Massachusetts Bay
colony grew to ten times its earlier population.
Church of England (Anglican Church) - The national church of England, founded by
King Henry VIII. It included both Roman Catholic and Protestant ideas.
John Winthrop (1588-1649), his beliefs - 1629 - He became the first governor of
the Massachusetts Bay colony, and served in that capacity from 1630 through
1649. A Puritan with strong religious beliefs. He opposed total democracy,
believing the colony was best governed by a small group of skillful leaders. He
helped organize the New England Confederation in 1643 and served as its first
president.
Separatists, non-separatists - Non-separatists (which included the Puritans)
believed that the Church of England could be purified through reforms. Separatists
(which included the Pilgrims) believed that the Church of England could not be
reformed, and so started their own congregations.
Calvinism - Protestant sect founded by John Calvin. Emphasized a strong moral
code and believed in predestination (the idea that God decided whether or not a
,APUSH Full Review questions and answers
person would be saved as soon as they were born). Calvinists supported
constitutional representative government and the separation of church and state.
Congregational Church, Cambridge Platform - The Congregational Church was
founded by separatists who felt that the Church of England retained too many
Roman Catholic beliefs and practices. The Pilgrims were members of the
Congregational Church. The Cambridge Platform stressed morality over church
dogma.
Contrast Puritan colonies with others - Puritan colonies were self-governed, with
each town having its own government which led the people in strict accordance
with Puritan beliefs. Only those members of the congregation who had achieved
grace and were full church members (called the "elect," or "saints") could vote
and hold public office. Other colonies had different styles of government and were
more open to different beliefs.
Anne Hutchinson, Antinomianism - She preached the idea that God
communicated directly to individuals instead of through the church elders. She
was forced to leave Massachusetts in 1637. Her followers (the Antinomianists)
founded the colony of New Hampshire in 1639.
, APUSH Full Review questions and answers
Roger Williams, Rhode Island - 1635 - He left the Massachusetts colony and
purchased the land from a neighboring Indian tribe to found the colony of Rhode
Island. Rhode Island was the only colony at that time to offer complete religious
freedom.
Covenant theology - Puritan teachings emphasized the biblical covenants: God's
covenants with Adam and with Noah, the covenant of grace between God and
man through Christ.
Voting granted to church members - 1631 - 1631 - The Massachusetts general
court passed an act to limit voting rights to church members.
Half-way Covenant - The Half-way Covenant applied to those members of the
Puritan colonies who were the children of church members, but who hadn't
achieved grace themselves. The covenant allowed them to participate in some
church affairs.
Brattle Street Church - 1698 - Founded by Thomas Brattle. His church differed
from the Puritans in that it did not require people to prove that they had achieved
grace in order to become full church members.
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