NSG 170 Metabolism – Diabetes Exam Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NSG 170
Institution
NSG 170
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus - Must get insulin from an outside source. *** BIGGEST difference between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes is that in Type 1 there is an ABSENCE of endogenous (self made) insulin!
- Formally known as juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes.
- 5-10% of all people with diabe...
NSG 170 Metabolism – Diabetes Exam
Questions and Correct Answers
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ✅- Must get insulin from an outside source. *** BIGGEST
difference between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes is that in Type 1 there is an ABSENCE
of endogenous (self made) insulin!
- Formally known as juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes.
- 5-10% of all people with diabetes
- Generally affects people under age 40 (but can occur in any age)
- Autoimmune disorder: body develops antibodies against insulin and/or pancreatic B
cells that produce insulin. Results in not enough insulin to survive.
Etiology and Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus:
- Autoimmune destruction of β-cells
- Total absence of insulin
- Manifestations develop when pancreas can no longer produce insulin—then rapid
onset with ketoacidosis
**All Type 1 Diabetics will eventually need insulin
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ✅- Pancreas continues to produce SOME endogenous
insulin BUT not enough OR body does not use insulin effectively
, - Non-insulin dependent diabetes
- Formally knows as adult-onset diabetes (AODM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes
(NIDDM)
- RISK FACTORS: OBESITY, overweight, advanced age, family history.
* Increasing prevalence in children (due to obesity).
* Greater prevalence in ethnic groups (African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans,
Native Hawaiians, Native Americans, Pacific Islanders)
Gestational Diabetes ✅- Develops during pregnancy 4.6 - 9.2% pregnancies.
- Increases the risk of cesarean delivery due to baby being larger
- High Risk patients should be checked at first visit,
- Low Risk are checked at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation
- Mothers glucose should return to normal w/in 6 weeks post pardum.
* Asymptomatic BUT long term damage to heart and blood vessels.
PATIENT TEACHING:
- Undergo screenings
- Manage risk factors
- Monitor for symptoms of diabetes (remember 3 P's!)
- Maintain healthy weight, exercise, make healthy food choices.
DKA ✅diabetic ketoacidosis
Metabolic Syndrome (increases risk for type 2 diabetes) is made up of what 5
components? ✅1. Elevated glucose levels (>126 fasting)
2. Abdominal obesity
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