AP Chemistry Terms rated A for exams
2024
absolute zero - 0 K and is the point at which all molecular motion ceases
acidic - a solution whose pH is less than 7
acids - these are proton (H+) donors
acid dissociation constant (Ka) - the equilibrium constant associated with a weak
acid dissociation of water
activation energy - minimum amount of energy that must be supplied to initiate a
chemical reaction
activity series for metals - lists metals in order of decreasing ease of oxidation
actual yield - the amount of product that is actually formed in a chemical reaction
alkali metals - group one elements
alkaline earth metals - group two elements
,AP Chemistry Terms rated A for exams
2024
alkanes - hydrocarbons that contain only single covalent bonds within the
molecule
alkenes - hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-to-carbon double bond
alkynes - hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-to-carbon triple bond
alpha particle - a He nucleus with two protons and two neutrons
amorphous solids - solids that lack extensive ordering of the particles
amphoteric - substances that act as either an acid or a base, depending on
whether the other species is a base or an acid
amplitude - height of a wave and is related to the intensity (or brightness for
visible light) of the wave
amu - 1/12 the mass of a carbon atom that contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons
,AP Chemistry Terms rated A for exams
2024
angular momentum quantum number (l) - the quantum number that describes
the shape of the orbital
anions - negatively charged ions
anode - the electrode at which oxidation is taking place
anode compartment - the electrolyte solution in which the anode is immersed
aqueous solution - solution in which water is the solvent
atomic number (z) - number of protons in an element's nucleus
atomic orbital - region of space in which it is most likely to find a specific electron
in an atom
atomic solids - solid where the individual atoms are held in place by London forces
, AP Chemistry Terms rated A for exams
2024
Aufbau principle - states that there is a direct relationship between the volume
and the number of moles of gas (22.4 L/mol)
Avogadro's law - states that there is a direct relationship between the volume and
the number of moles of gas
Avogadro's number - number of particles (atoms/molecules/ions) in a mole, =
6.022 x 10^23 particles
barometer - an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure
base dissociation constant (Kb) - equilibrium constant associated with the
dissociation of a weak base in water
bases - proton (H+) acceptors
basic - a solution whose pH is greater that 7
beta particle - an electron
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