NSG 212 EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) | ALREADY GRADED A+.
A nurse is working at a health fair that is offering blood screenings for
diabetes and high cholesterol. What level of health promotion is she helping
to achieve? ✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Secondary prevention. This level of
prevention aims for early detection of a disease that already exists. So you
would already have the diabetes and not know it yet; a blood test would
detect this early.
The chain of infection has 5 variables. The infectious agent (the
virus/bacteria), the resovoir (phones, bathrooms, door handles, water,
plants and animals), the portal of exit (mouth, eyes, sneezing etc), mode of
transmission (touch, kissing, sexually transmitted), and portal of exit (same
as someone else's portal of exit). As a nurse, you should think of yourself as
what variable of this process? ✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔The mode of
transmission. That's why we practice things such as clean technique and
surgical asepsis: we can very well be a mode of transmission from one
patient to another.
Mode of transmission is also things like kissing, sexually, touching etc
There are two types of bacteria: aerobic and anaerobic. Which is harder to
kill and why? ✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Anaerobic. Since they don't need
oxygen, these bacteria usually lie deep within the brain or other hard to
reach areas, therefore it makes them harder to kill.
,How do we tell the difference between gram positive and gram negative
bacteria on a stain? ✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Gram positive stains purple,
has a thick wall, and don't decolorize. Gram negative have a complex wall
and can be decolorized.
Think positive = purple
What are the smallest types of pathogens? ✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔virus
There is some bacteria that peacefully lives in our body normally. These
types of bacteria are referred to as... ✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔resident
flora
ex: e.coli in intestines
Give some examples of direct transmission. ✔✔CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Kissing, touching, sexual contact
What are the three types of indirect transmission and how do they differ?
✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔Vehicle: inanimate (food, water, dust,
instruments, meds)
Vector: animate; transmits from one host directly to another. (mosquitos,
rodents, etc)
Airborne/Droplet: ventilation system, respiratory tract
,Briefly explain the immune response defense mechanism. ✔✔CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔recognition of foreign material (antigen) by the body. The body
then produces antibodies to fight the antigen, WBC destroy antigen cells.
Poor immune response = inc. risk for infection!
What is the difference between infection and inflammation? ✔✔CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Inflammation is the body's protective and reparative response
to some type of illness or injury. Infection is the actual disease taking place in
the body.
What are the 4 stages of infection? describe them ✔✔CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔incubation: when the virus enters the body (hours to months)
prodromal: when you first start to feel symptoms (MOST INFECTIOUS STAGE)
illness: specific symptoms present, diagnosed
convalescence: from having the sickness to when normal health returns
What is the best way to control the spread of pathogens? ✔✔CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔hand washing
What's the difference between disinfection and sterilization? ✔✔CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔disinfection = clean technique. Destroys pathogens only
sterilization = type of surgical asepsis. free from living organisms and
microorganisms
, What's the difference between endogenous and exogenous sources?
✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔endo: comes from within the patient body. (skin,
mucous membranes/tracts)
exo: organisms that come from external sources. (surgical instruments,
medical devices, surgical team members, air)
What are nosocomial infections and what are the types? ✔✔CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔Nosocomial infections are hospital-inquired infections.
Exogenous source: hospital environment or personnel
Endogenous source: from pathogens pt. harbors himself
Iatrogenic source: as a result of treatment or procedure
The presence of specific signs and symptoms indicates what stage of illness:
A. convalescent
B. prodromal
C. illness
D. incubation ✔✔CORRECT ANSWER✔✔C: illness
Your patient has developed a low grade fever and states that she is tired.
This phase of infection is known as the:
A. incubation
B. prodromal
C. illness
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