Exam (elaborations)
Psych Exam 3p Questions and Answers 2024
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Exam of 7 pages for the course 3p at 3p (Psych Exam 3p)
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Psych Exam 3pPersonality - answer refers to an individual's unique set of consistent behavioral traits
Factor analysis - answer correlations among many variables are analyzed to identify
closely related clusters of variables
Five Factor Personality model - answer1) Extraversion
2) Neuroticism
3) Openness to experience
4) Agreeableness
5) Conscientiousness
page 381
Structure of personality – answer id- primitive instinctive component of personality that
operates according to pleasure principle
ego- decision making component of personality that operates according to the reality
principle
reality principle- seeks to delay gratification of the id's urges until appropriate outlets and
situations can be found
page 382
Level of awareness - answerConscious- consists of whatever one is aware of at a
particular point in time
Preconscious- contains materials just beneath the surgace of awareness that can be
easily retrieved
Unconscious- contains thoughts, memories and desires that are well below the surface
of conscious awareness but exert great influence on behavior
383
Defense mechanisms - answerrepression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization,
displacement, identification, regression
385
, Psychosexual stages - answeroral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage,
genital stage
387
Fixation - answerinvolves a failure to move forward from one stage to another as
expected
Jung's Analytical Psychology - answerarchetypes- emotionally charged images and
thought forms that have universal meaning
collective unconscious- a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from people's
ancestral past
Adler's Individual Psychology - answerCompensation- involves efforts to overcome
imagined or real inferiorities by developing one's abilities
Birth order- order a child is born (first second etc) page 389
Skinners Personality Perspectives - answerfocuses on external environment, no
internal, Page 391
Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory - answerHolds that behavior, environment, and
person/cognitive factors are the key factors in development
•Basically, the same as what the behaviorists overall thought, BUT...
•He added that:
•Personality can be shaped through observed behaviors, too
•People attempt to influence their own life circumstances and outcomes (just as our life
circumstances influence us- this is called reciprocal determinism).
page 392
Walter Mischel's ideas about personality - answerpeople make responses they think will
lead to reinforcement in the situation at hand
page 393
Eysenck's Theory - answerPersonality is determined by a large extent to one's genes
399
Genetics and Personality Research - answerResearch has proved that genetic
blueprints shape personality
399
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