Electrochemistry - answer-the study of electron transfers in chemical reactions
referred to as REDOX since all electrochemical reactions are composed of both reduction and oxidation
Reduction - answer-gain of electrons
*becomes more -
Oxidation - answer-loss of electrons
*becomes mor...
Reducing Agent - answer-donates electrons in order for what is being
reduced to gain electrons (undergoes oxidation)
*metals always lose electrons and are therefore R.A.s
Oxidizing Agent - answer-accepts electrons in order for the electrons being
lost by what is being oxidized to go somewhere (undergoes reduction)
*non-metals always gain electrons and are therefore O.A.s
Half-reaction - answer-an equation showing either the oxidation or the
reduction that takes place in a redox reaction
*every redox must contain BOTH the oxidation and reduction half reaction
**electrons are included in the individual half-reactions
1. when e- are lost in an oxidation half reaction, they are written on the right
and
, 2. when e- are gained in a reduction half reaction, they are written on the left
- answer-1. when e- are lost in an oxidation half reaction, they are written on
the ________
and
2. when e- are gained in a reduction half reaction, they are written on the
________
Locations on the redox table:
1. top left
2. bottom right - answer-Locations on the redox table:
1. S.O.A.
2. S.R.A.
Strongest Oxidizing Agent - answer-largest electric potential number (most
+); will most easily gain electrons
*has the most spontaneous reactions
Strongest Reducing Agent - answer-smallest (most -) electric potential
number; will most easily lose electrons
*has the most reactions
If the O.A. is above the R.A., the reaction will be spontaneous,
BUT
if the O.A. is below the R.A., the reaction will be non-spontaneous. - answer-If
the O.A. is ________ the R.A., the reaction will be spontaneous,
BUT
if the O.A. is ________ the R.A., the reaction will be non-spontaneous.
1.Spontaneous vs 2.Non-spontaneous - answer-1. occurs in a given set of
conditions without intervention; reacts naturally
vs
2. reaction doesn't happen unless an extra amount of energy is provided
REMEMBER! - answer-When working with REDOX equations and trying to find
the S.O.A. or the S.R.A., what you find as the strongest agents MUST BE ON
YOUR SPECIES LIST!!!
(eg: if you have the specie K+(aq), you cannot say that K(s) is the S.R.A.
simply because that shows up first! K(s) is not given to you as a species!)
REMEMBER! - answer-Redox Stoichiometry=the same as regular
stoichiometry, EXCEPT that you use the new way of writing redox reactions
(by starting from two half reactions and netting those together)
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