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PLS Final Exam questions and correct answers graded A+ passed
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PLS Final Exam questions and correct answers graded A+ passed
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PLS Final ExamRational ignorance - correct answer ✔✔The view that it makes sense to remain relatively uninformed
about most political issues, given the enormous effect required to keep up closely with even a few
topics.
No attitudes - correct answer ✔✔The lack of a stable perspective in response to opinion surveys
Information shortcuts - correct answer ✔✔Cues about candidates and policies drawn from everyday life,
party preferences, and significant figures like friends/family and trusted leaders.
Groupthink - correct answer ✔✔The tendency among a small group of decision makers to converge on a
shared set of views
Mandate - correct answer ✔✔Political authority claimed by an election winner as reflecting the approval
of the people.
Survey research - correct answer ✔✔Systematic study of a defined population, analyzing a
representative sample's views to draw inferences about the larger public's views.
Approval rating - correct answer ✔✔A measure of public support for a political figure or institution
Executive order - correct answer ✔✔A presidential declaration, with the force of law, that issues
instructions to the executive branch without any requirement for congressional action or approval
Policy agenda - correct answer ✔✔The issues that the public considers important, the media covers, and
politicians discuss.
Sampling frame - correct answer ✔✔A designated group of people from whom a set of poll respondents
is randomly selected.
, Demographic group - correct answer ✔✔People sharing specific factors: ex- age, race, religion
Likely voters - correct answer ✔✔Persons identified as probable voters in an upcoming election
Framing effects - correct answer ✔✔The influence, on the respondent, of how a polling question is
asked; changes in wording can change people's answers
Push poll - correct answer ✔✔A form of negative campaigning that masquerades as a regular opinion
survey.
Weighting - correct answer ✔✔Pollsters' method of targeting specific groups of voters by assigning
greater or lesser value to responses from those groups.
Margin of sampling error - correct answer ✔✔The degree of inaccuracy in any poll, arising from the fact
that surveys involve a sample of respondents from a population, rather than every member.
Response bias - correct answer ✔✔The tendency of poll respondents to misstate their views, frequently
to avoid "shameful" opinions like sexism or racism
Focus group - correct answer ✔✔An extended discussion with a selected small group of people, run by a
trained moderator; generally yields in-depth insights into participants' political concerns.
Boomerang effect - correct answer ✔✔this effect suggest that the people switch sides in favour of the
party or candidate in second place "going with the underdog" in the run up to a election.
Underdog effect - correct answer ✔✔Sympathy for a candidate behind in the polls, contributing to a
higher-than-predicted vote total and sometimes a surprise election victory
Gender gap - correct answer ✔✔Patterned differences in political opinions between women and men
Political elites - correct answer ✔✔Individuals who control significant wealth, status, power, or visibility
and who, consequently, have significant influence over public debates.
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