To determine if a person's fear of snakes is severe enough to be categorized as a phobia, one
could:
A) show her a snake; if she appears to be very uncomfortable, she most likely has a phobia.
B) show her a snake; if she appears to be very uncomfortable, she most likely has a fear.
C) ask her if her fear of snakes has lasted for six months, if she avoids snakes, and if it interferes
with daily living; if she says "yes," she most likely has a phobia.
D) ask her if anxiety about snakes interferes with daily living; if she says "yes," she most likely
has a fear. - ✔✔C) ask her if her fear of snakes has lasted for six months, if she avoids snakes,
and if it interferes with daily living; if she says "yes," she most likely has a phobia.
Which theoretical position explains the origin of phobias as due to classical conditioning?
A) biological
B) sociocultural
C) behavioral
D) psychodynamic - ✔✔C) behavioral
One procedure used to treat phobic disorders involves having the therapist confront the feared
object or situation while the fearful client observes. This is called:
A) flooding.
B) modeling.
C) implosive therapy.
D) systematic desensitization. - ✔✔B) modeling
Which is an example of a specific social anxiety?
A) fear of public speaking
,B) fear of snakes
C) fear of tornados when a tornado warning is in effect
D) fear of generally functioning poorly in front of others - ✔✔A) fear of public speaking
A person says, "I've been diagnosed with social anxiety disorder, and my therapist wants me to
use drug therapy, not psychological therapy. I don't know which to choose." Based on current
research, the BEST answer would be:
A) "That's the best advice your therapist could have given."
B) "Some therapists think psychological therapy should always be used, even with drug therapy;
there's less chance of relapse."
C) "Drug therapy works especially well in combination with short-term psychodynamic therapy;
cognitive-behavioral therapies don't help much."
D) "Unfortunately, no therapy works very well in the long run for most people with social
anxiety disorder." - ✔✔B) "Some therapists think psychological therapy should always be
used, even with drug therapy; there's less chance of relapse."
Panic disorder appears to be related to abnormal activity of which neurotransmitter?
A) norepinephrine
B) epinephrine
C) serotonin
D) endorphin - ✔✔A) norepinephrine
Which therapy is an effective long-term, nonpharmacological treatment for panic attack that
involves teaching patients to interpret their physical sensations accurately?
A) cognitive
B) behavioral
C) humanistic
D) psychodynamic - ✔✔A) cognitive
, What is one important way obsessions and compulsions are related?
A) Compulsions are a way to prevent obsessions from occurring.
B) Obsessions generally lead to violent or immoral compulsions.
C) Compulsions help people control their obsessions.
D) Obsessions are not related to compulsions. - ✔✔C) Compulsions help people control their
obsessions.
A state of breathless euphoria, or frenzied energy, in which people have an exaggerated belief
in their power is called ______. - ✔✔mania
Depressed people are usually less active and less productive. This is a(n) ______ symptom -
✔✔behavioral
Peter Lewinsohn has developed a theory that depression results from a progressive decrease in
the number of ______ that a person receives over a long period of time. - ✔✔positive
reinforcements, social rewards
Aaron Beck's work led him to believe that _____ lies at the heart of unipolar depression. -
✔✔negative thinking, the maladaptive thinking, the cognitive triad
"I have no control over good things in my life." The ______ theory of depression MOST closely
explains this statement. - ✔✔learned helplessness
A milder pattern of mood swings that does not reach the severity of bipolar disorder but does
include depressive and manic episodes has been identified as ______. - ✔✔cyclothymic
disorder
Which would be an emotional symptom of depression?
A) lack of desire to eat
B) a negative view of oneself
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