EEB 2244 Final Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Biogeography - answer✔geography of biodiversity, past and present
(history of taxonomic lineages across space and time)
(Global and continental scales)
Landscape ecology - answer✔influence of the composition and arrangement of habitats across
a large spatial area
Habitat heterogeneity - answer✔reflects recent and historical events caused by natural and
human forces
Legacy effects - answer✔long-term effects of past events on current ecology (glaciation,
ancient human settlements)
Alpha diversity - answer✔number of species in a relatively small area
(local)
Beta diversity - answer✔number of species differing between two (local) habitats
Gamma diversity - answer✔number of species in all habitats of a large geographic area
Ecosystem engineers - answer✔species that have a disproportionate effect (relative to their
biomass) on landscapes
Species-area relationship - answer✔larger areas contain more species
MacArthur & Wilson
Pangea - answer✔single landmass 250 million years ago
Gondwana - answer✔now South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, and India
Laurasia - answer✔now North America, Europe, and Asia
Continental drift - answer✔allowed individual continents independently to evolve groups of
organisms for long periods
Primary productivity - answer✔rate at which energy is captured and converted into chemical
bonds by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
Gross primary production (GPP) - answer✔total energy acquired via photo- or chemosynthesis
Respiration (R) - answer✔uses oxygen to release chemical energy to drive cellular processes
Net primary productivity (NPP) - answer✔energy converted to producer biomass
(what is left after respiration)
Assimilated energy - answer✔energy that a consumer digests and absorbs
(consumed - egested (pooped) energy)
(gross secondary production (GSP))
Net secondary production (NSP) - answer✔energy converted to consumer biomass
(assimilated energy left after respiration)
NPP - answer✔GPP - R =___
NSP - answer✔GSP - R =____
Consumption efficiency - answer✔of the "food" available some is consumed, some is not
(consumed energy)/(net production energy of the next lower trophic level)
Assimilation efficiency - answer✔of the food that is consumed some is assimilated, the rest is
egested (pooped out)
(assimilated energy)/(consumed energy)
Net production efficiency - answer✔of food assimilated, some is used for growth &
reproduction, the rest is lost through respiration
(net production energy)/(assimilated energy)
Ecological efficiency - answer✔net production from one trophic level compared to the next
lower trophic level
(net production energy of a trophic level)/(net production energy of the next lower trophic level)
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