IV abx to be used for open fx - answer✔1st, 2nd generation cephalosporins & aminoglycosides
tx for femur fx - answer✔*Neck fx*: percutaneous screws/hemiarthroplasty
*Shaft fx*: intramedullary rods/plates
*Intertrochanteric fx*: sliding hip screw fix or long gamma nail
most common sites of joint dislocations - answer✔shoulder (anteriorly)
hip (posteriorly)
elbow (posteriorly)
BP considered a hypertensive crisis - answer✔systolic > 180 or diastolic > 120
hypertensive emergency vs. urgency - answer✔*emergency*: where severe elevation in BP is
accompanied by end-organ damage
*urgency*: where severe elevation in BP occurs wo end organ damage (most pts asymptomatic)
examples of end-organ damage in a hypertensive emergency - answer✔
tx of hypertensive urgency - answer✔*Nicardipine* (20-40 mg PO q 8-12 h)
*captopril* (25 mg PO q 8-12 h)
*labetalol* (initial dose 200 mg PO, then 200-400 mg dose after 6-12 h as needed)
Normalize BP gradually over 24-48 h as rapid BP decreases may result in dangerously reduced
organ perfusion
tx of hypertensive emergency - answer✔*ICU for IV meds:*
Nicardipine
sodium nitroprusside
labetalol
esmolol
examples of morphologies of dermatologic drug eruptions - answer✔morbilliform
urticarial
papulosquamous
pustular
bullous
epidermis sloughs with lateral pressure - answer✔Nikolsky sign
What are "fixed" drug eruptions? - answer✔*lesions recur in the same area when offending
drug is given*; circular, violaceous, edematous plaques that resolve w macular
hyperpigmentation is characteristic, occur 30 m - 8 h after drug administration
mgmt of SJS & TEN - answer✔burn unit & IVIG
abx with good MRSA coverage - answer✔Vancomycin
linezolid
clindamycin
daptomycin
doxycycline
TMP-SMX
tx of cellulitis - answer✔dicloxacillin 250 mg or cephalexin 500 mg QID x5-10 days
cellulitis vs. erysipelas - answer✔*Cellulitis* - Strep pyogenes or Staph. aureus; involves
deeper subcutaneous tissue; if untreated, necrosis can supervene
*Erysipelas* - Strep. pyogenes; sharply demarcated; involves upper subcutaneous tissue &
lymphatic vessels; self-limited
honey-colored crusts that when removed leave denuded red areas
tx? - answer✔*impetigo*
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