Pharmacokinetics - Answer absorption, distribution, elimination of drugs; "what the body does to the drug"
Pharmacodynamics - Answer actions of the chemical on the organism; "what the drug does to the body"
Toxicology - Answer branch of pharmacology that deals with undesirable effect...
NURS 8024: Pharmacokinetics/
Pharmacodynamics Prep Exam Solved
Correctly.
Pharmacokinetics - Answer absorption, distribution, elimination of drugs; "what the body does to the
drug"
Pharmacodynamics - Answer actions of the chemical on the organism; "what the drug does to the
body"
Toxicology - Answer branch of pharmacology that deals with undesirable effects of chemicals on living
systems; all substances have potential for toxicity
Pharmacogenomics - Answer genetic variations that cause differences in drug response among
individuals or populations
Pharmacologic agonist - Answer agent binds to and ACTIVATES the receptor, which directly or indirectly
causes an effect; can be full or partial agonist
Pharmacologic antagonist - Answer agent binds to a receptor, competing with other molecules and
preventing binding by other molecules; INHIBITOR
Pro-drug - Answer inactive precursor chemical; must be absorbed and distributed and converted to the
active form of the drug by biologic processes
Therapeutic window - Answer desired drug response without toxicity; between mean effective
concentration for desired response & mean effective concentration for adverse response
MEC - Answer Mean effective concentration; drug response < MEC: response will be subtherapeutic;
drug level > MEC: toxicity
Absorption - Answer entry of pharmacologic agent into plasma
Distribution - Answer agent leaves bloodstream and distributes into interstitial and intracellular fluids
(where ever the target is)
Metabolism - Answer agent must be metabolized via liver, kidney, or other tissue
Elimination - Answer agent metabolites must be eliminated from body (urine, feces, bile); urine is most
common route of excretion
Enteral drug administration - Answer Easily self-administered & cheap
Drug absorption pathways complicated by first-pass metabolism (drug --> stomach --> liver --> systemic
circulation)
Influenced by food and other drugs
Parenteral drug administration - Answer IV, IM, SQ
More control over actual dose of drug
Goes directly into systemic circulation (bypasses first-pass effect & harsh GI environment)
Some drugs are poorly absorbed through GI
Rapid onset of action
"Can't take it back", infection risk
Inhalation drug administration - Answer Rapid delivery, large surface area (good for gases, aerosols,
respiratory drugs)
Rectal - Answer 50% of drug goes to liver for first-pass; 50% bypasses and goes directly to systemic
circulation d/t circulatory drainage from rectum
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